JPanel 添加但未“及时”显示

Question

JPanel 添加但未“及时”显示

Sal*_*lab 4 java concurrency swing jfreechart event-dispatch-thread

我有一个 JFrame，它根据您单击的 MenuItem 显示 JPanel。它可以工作，但是现在我需要在将 JPanel 添加到框架并显示它后调用一个方法（因为我在该面板内使用 JFreeChart 并且我必须chartPanel.repaint()在 JPanel 可见时调用）：

this.getContentPane().add( myjpanel, BorderLayout.CENTER ); //this = JFrame
this.validate();
myjpanel.methodCalledOnceDisplayed();

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看起来没问题吗？真的myjpanel被展示了吗？好像不是：

public void methodCalledOnceDisplayed() {
    chartPanel.repaint()
}

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这不起作用（chartPanel.getChartRenderingInfo().getPlotInfo().getSubplotInfo(0)正在抛出 IndexOutOfBoundsException）。这意味着调用重绘时 JPanel 不可见，我测试了以下内容：

public void methodCalledOnceDisplayed() {
    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"You should see myjpanel now");
    chartPanel.repaint()
}

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现在它起作用了，我myjpanel在警报后面看到了，正如预期的那样，重新绘制了 chartPanel 并且没有发生异常。

编辑：SSCCE（需要 jfreechart 和 jcommon：http ://www.jfree.org/jfreechart/download.html ）

导入 java.awt.BorderLayout;
导入 java.awt.EventQueue;
导入 java.awt.Font;
导入 javax.swing.JButton;
导入 javax.swing.JFrame;
导入 javax.swing.JLabel;
导入 javax.swing.JOptionPane;
导入 javax.swing.JPanel;
导入 javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
导入 org.jfree.chart.ChartMouseEvent;
导入 org.jfree.chart.ChartMouseListener;
导入 org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
导入 org.jfree.chart.plot.CombinedDomainXYPlot;
导入 org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
导入 org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot;
导入 org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;
导入 org.jfree.data.time.TimeSeries;
导入 org.jfree.data.time.TimeSeriesCollection;
导入 org.jfree.data.xy.XY 数据集；
导入 java.awt.event.ActionListener;
导入 java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

公共类窗口扩展 JFrame {
    私人 JPanel 内容窗格；

    公共静态无效主（字符串 [] args）{
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            公共无效运行（）{
                尝试 {
                    窗框 = new Window();
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                } 捕获（异常 e）{
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    公共窗口（）{
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 700, 500);
        contentPane = new JPanel();
        contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
        contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 0));
        设置内容窗格（内容窗格）；

        JButton clickme = new JButton("点击我");
        clickme.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            公共无效动作执行（ActionEvent arg0）{
                contentPane.removeAll();
                MyJPanel mypanel = new MyJPanel();
                contentPane.add( mypanel, BorderLayout.CENTER );
                证实（）;
                mypanel.methodCalledOnceDisplayed();
            }
        });
        contentPane.add( clickme, BorderLayout.NORTH );
        JPanel 示例 = new JPanel();
        example.add(new JLabel("Example JPanel"));
        contentPane.add( 示例， BorderLayout.CENTER );
    }

}

类 MyJPanel 扩展 JPanel 实现 ChartMouseListener {
    私人 ChartPanel 图表面板；
    私人 JFreeChart 图表；
    私人 XYPlot subplotTop；
    私人 XYPlot subplotBottom;
    私有的 CombinedDomainXYPlot 图；

    公共 MyJPanel() {
        this.add( new JLabel("This JPanel contains the chart") );
        createCombinedChart();
        chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart);
        chartPanel.addChartMouseListener(this);
        this.add( chartPanel );
    }

    私有无效 createCombinedChart() {    
        plot = new CombinedDomainXYPlot();
        plot.setGap(30);
        创建子图（）；
        plot.add(subplotTop, 4);
        plot.add(subplotBottom, 1);
        plot.setOrientation(PlotOrientation.VERTICAL);

        chart = new JFreeChart("Title", new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD,20), plot, true);
    }

    私人无效createSubplots（）{
        subplotTop = 新 XYPlot();
        subplotBottom = new XYPlot();

        subplotTop.setDataset(emptyDataset("Empty 1"));
        subplotBottom.setDataset(emptyDataset("Empty 2"));
    }

    私人 XYDataset 空数据集（字符串标题）{
        TimeSeries ts = new TimeSeries(title);
        TimeSeriesCollection tsc = new TimeSeriesCollection();
        tsc.addSeries(ts);
        返回 tsc;
    }

    @覆盖
    public void chartMouseMoved(ChartMouseEvent e) {
        System.out.println("鼠标移动了！");
    }
    @覆盖
    public void chartMouseClicked(ChartMouseEvent arg0) {}

    public void methodCalledOnceDisplayed() {
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"魔法！"); //尝试注释此行并查看控制台
        chartPanel.repaint();
        //现在我们可以得到图表区域
        this.chartPanel.getChartRenderingInfo().getPlotInfo().getSubplotInfo(0).getDataArea();
        this.chartPanel.getChartRenderingInfo().getPlotInfo().getSubplotInfo(1).getDataArea();
    }
}

看看有和没有 JOptionPane 会发生什么。

Answer 1

tra*_*god 5

一个解释的为什么会这样将是巨大的。

您可能会从下面的变化中获得一些见解。笔记

出于此处建议的原因，Swing GUI 对象应该仅在事件调度线程(EDT)上构造和操作。
EDT 继续处理事件，如示例中所示，即使用户交互仅限于模态对话框。
调用repaint()应该不使用时可能需要ChartPanel。
更喜欢CardLayout或JTabbedPane优于手动容器操作。
而不是调用setPreferredSize()，覆盖getPreferredSize()，如讨论here。

附录：您已经删除了显示问题的两行……。

ChartRenderingInfo是在呈现图表之前不存在的动态数据。当图表在后台更新时，模态对话框处理事件；没有它，您可以通过将其包装在一个Runnable合适的 for 中来安排您的方法invokeLater()：

EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        myPanel.methodCalledOnceDisplayed();
    }
});

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更好的方案是访问ChartRenderingInfo您知道数据有效的in 侦听器，即由ChartPanel.

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.DateAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.NumberAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.CombinedDomainXYPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotRenderingInfo;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYLineAndShapeRenderer;
import org.jfree.data.time.Day;
import org.jfree.data.time.TimeSeries;
import org.jfree.data.time.TimeSeriesCollection;
import org.jfree.data.xy.XYDataset;

/**
* @see /sf/answers/1042642611/
*/
public class Test extends JFrame {

    private JPanel panel;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                Test frame = new Test();
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public Test() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        final MyJPanel myPanel = new MyJPanel();
        panel = new JPanel() {

            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
                return myPanel.getPreferredSize();
            }
        };
        panel.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
        panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        add(panel);

        myPanel.start();
        JButton clickme = new JButton("Click me");
        clickme.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                panel.removeAll();
                panel.add(myPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
                validate();
                EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        myPanel.methodCalledOnceDisplayed();
                    }
                });
            }
        });
        panel.add(clickme, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        JPanel example = new JPanel();
        example.add(new JLabel("Example JPanel"));
        panel.add(example, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    }

    private static class MyJPanel extends JPanel {

        private static final Random r = new Random();
        private ChartPanel chartPanel;
        private JFreeChart chart;
        private XYPlot subplotTop;
        private XYPlot subplotBottom;
        private CombinedDomainXYPlot plot;
        private Timer timer;
        private Day now = new Day(new Date());

        public MyJPanel() {
            this.add(new JLabel("Chart panel"));
            createCombinedChart();
            chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart);
            this.add(chartPanel);
            timer = new Timer(1000, new ActionListener() {

                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    update(subplotTop);
                    update(subplotBottom);
                }
            });
            timer.start();
        }

        public void start() {
            timer.start();
        }

        private void update(XYPlot plot) {
            TimeSeriesCollection t = (TimeSeriesCollection) plot.getDataset();
            for (int i = 0; i < t.getSeriesCount(); i++) {
                TimeSeries s = t.getSeries(i);
                s.add(now, Math.abs(r.nextGaussian()));
                now = (Day) now.next();
            }
        }

        private void createCombinedChart() {
            plot = new CombinedDomainXYPlot();
            plot.setGap(30);
            createSubplots();
            plot.add(subplotTop, 4);
            plot.add(subplotBottom, 1);
            plot.setOrientation(PlotOrientation.VERTICAL);
            chart = new JFreeChart("Title",
                JFreeChart.DEFAULT_TITLE_FONT, plot, true);
            plot.setDomainAxis(new DateAxis("Domain"));
        }

        private void createSubplots() {
            subplotTop = new XYPlot();
            subplotBottom = new XYPlot();
            subplotTop.setDataset(emptyDataset("Set 1"));
            subplotTop.setRenderer(new XYLineAndShapeRenderer());
            subplotTop.setRangeAxis(new NumberAxis("Range"));
            subplotBottom.setDataset(emptyDataset("Set 2"));
            subplotBottom.setRenderer(new XYLineAndShapeRenderer());
            subplotBottom.setRangeAxis(new NumberAxis("Range"));
        }

        private XYDataset emptyDataset(String title) {
            TimeSeriesCollection tsc = new TimeSeriesCollection();
            TimeSeries ts = new TimeSeries(title);
            tsc.addSeries(ts);
            return tsc;
        }

        public void methodCalledOnceDisplayed() {
            PlotRenderingInfo plotInfo =
                this.chartPanel.getChartRenderingInfo().getPlotInfo();
            for (int i = 0; i < plotInfo.getSubplotCount(); i++) {
                System.out.println(plotInfo.getSubplotInfo(i).getDataArea());
            }
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Magic!");
        }
    }
}

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附录：一个额外的迭代来说明ChartMouseListener和清理一些未解决的问题。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartMouseEvent;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartMouseListener;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.DateAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.NumberAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.entity.ChartEntity;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.CombinedDomainXYPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYLineAndShapeRenderer;
import org.jfree.data.time.Day;
import org.jfree.data.time.TimeSeries;
import org.jfree.data.time.TimeSeriesCollection;
import org.jfree.data.xy.XYDataset;

/**
 * @see /sf/answers/1042642611/
 */
public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                Test t = new Test();
            }
        });
    }

    public Test() {
        JFrame f = new JFrame();
        f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        final MyJPanel myPanel = new MyJPanel();
        f.add(myPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        f.pack();
        f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        f.setVisible(true);
        myPanel.start();
    }

    private static class MyJPanel extends JPanel {

        private static final Random r = new Random();
        private ChartPanel chartPanel;
        private JFreeChart chart;
        private XYPlot subplotTop;
        private XYPlot subplotBottom;
        private CombinedDomainXYPlot plot;
        private Timer timer;
        private Day now = new Day(new Date());

        public MyJPanel() {
            createCombinedChart();
            chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart);
            this.add(chartPanel);
            timer = new Timer(1000, new ActionListener() {

                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    update(subplotTop);
                    update(subplotBottom);
                    now = (Day) now.next();
                }
            });
            chartPanel.addChartMouseListener(new ChartMouseListener() {

                @Override
                public void chartMouseClicked(ChartMouseEvent e) {
                    final ChartEntity entity = e.getEntity();
                    System.out.println(entity + " " + entity.getArea());
                }

                @Override
                public void chartMouseMoved(ChartMouseEvent e) {
                }
            });
        }

        public void start() {
            timer.start();
        }

        private void update(XYPlot plot) {
            TimeSeriesCollection t = (TimeSeriesCollection) plot.getDataset();
            for (int i = 0; i < t.getSeriesCount(); i++) {
                TimeSeries s = t.getSeries(i);
                s.add(now, Math.abs(r.nextGaussian()));
            }
        }

        private void createCombinedChart() {
            plot = new CombinedDomainXYPlot();
            createSubplots();
            plot.add(subplotTop, 4);
            plot.add(subplotBottom, 1);
            plot.setOrientation(PlotOrientation.VERTICAL);
            chart = new JFreeChart("Title",
                JFreeChart.DEFAULT_TITLE_FONT, plot, true);
            plot.setDomainAxis(new DateAxis("Domain"));
        }

        private void createSubplots() {
            subplotTop = new XYPlot();
            subplotBottom = new XYPlot();
            subplotTop.setDataset(emptyDataset("Set 1"));
            subplotTop.setRenderer(new XYLineAndShapeRenderer());
            subplotTop.setRangeAxis(new NumberAxis("Range"));
            subplotBottom.setDataset(emptyDataset("Set 2"));
            subplotBottom.setRenderer(new XYLineAndShapeRenderer());
            subplotBottom.setRangeAxis(new NumberAxis("Range"));
        }

        private XYDataset emptyDataset(String title) {
            TimeSeriesCollection tsc = new TimeSeriesCollection();
            TimeSeries ts = new TimeSeries(title);
            tsc.addSeries(ts);
            return tsc;
        }
    }
}

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