我正确使用Java swing和图形吗？

Question

我只是在学习java,必须使用java swing库和Graphics2D类做一些事情.基本上我必须画一个有多个部分的建筑起重机:一个车身(起重机的车身)和一些附加的臂(基本上它看起来像这样:http://i.imgur.com/4YIkYqW.jpg) .

我的问题围绕着我是否正确使用Java swing类？在我下面的代码中,我遗漏了不必要的代码,因为我只想确保我的结构正确(正确使用JPanel,paintComponent()等).任何帮助将不胜感激,因为我只是学习Java!多谢你们.

public class CraneSimulator {

    ...
    public JFrame frame;
    public MyPanel panel;

    public CraneSimulator() {
        frame = new JFrame("CraneSimulator");

        ...

        panel = new MyPanel();
        frame.add(panel);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CraneSimulator simulator = new CraneSimulator();    
    }
}   

class MyPanel extends JPanel {
    CraneBody body;
    CraneArm arm1;
        ...
    Graphics2D graphics;

    public MyPanel() {
        body = new CraneBody();
        arm1 = new CraneArm(body);
        ...
        addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
            public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
                ...         }
            }
            public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
                    ...
            }
        });

        addMouseMotionListener(new MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
                ...             
            }
        });
    }

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);
        graphics = (Graphics2D) g;
        ...
        body.paint(g);      
        arm1.paint(g);  
    }
}

class CraneBody {
    ...

    public CraneBody() {
         ....
    }
    ...
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;

            // Use g2 to actual paint crane Body on screen here (ie. g2.drawRect, etc)      
    }
}

class CraneArm {
    ...

    public CraneArm() {
         ....
    }
    ...
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;

            // Use g2 to actual paint the crane armon screen here (ie. g2.drawRect, etc)        
    }
}

Answer 1

你的代码几乎是完美的。但有几点建议：

1. 声明时初始化有一些优点；
2. 您只需要一个MouseAdapter；
3. 使用 Graphics2D 作为参数，这样您就不需要再次从 Graphics 中转换它。
4. 删除“graphics”字段，将其设为局部变量。（感谢@GuillaumePolet）。

有些人可能不同意，但根据您的代码，我会进行这些更改以使其更整洁。

public class CraneSimulator {
    ...
    private JFrame frame = new JFrame("CraneSimulator");
    private MyPanel panel = new JPanel();

    public CraneSimulator() {
        ...
        frame.add(panel);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CraneSimulator simulator = new CraneSimulator();    
    }
}   

class MyPanel extends JPanel {
    CraneBody body = new CraneBody();
    CraneArm arm1 = new CraneArm(body);
    ...
    MouseAdapter mAdapter = new MouseAdapter() {
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            ...
        }
        public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
            ...
        }
        public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
            ...             
        }
    }

    public MyPanel() {
        ...
        addMouseListener(mAdapter);
        addMouseMotionListener(mAdapter);
    }

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);
        Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D) g;
        ...
        body.paint(graphics);
        arm1.paint(graphics);  
    }
}

class CraneBody {
    ...
    public CraneBody() {
         ....
    }
    ...
    public void paint(Graphics2D g) {
        // You don't need to cast a Graphics again.      
    }
}

class CraneArm {
    ...
    public CraneArm() {
         ....
    }
    ...
    public void paint(Graphics2D g) {
        // You don't need to cast a Graphics again.
    }
}