使用 nginx 将子域映射到 URL

Question

我对 nginx 很陌生，所以如果我的解释不正确，请原谅我。我会尽力解释我想要达到的目标。

使用 WordPress 和 nginx，我希望将用户帐户映射到主域的子域。例如，如果用户创建一个名为“sample”的帐户，则该用户的子域将为sample.example.com.

当用户转到 时sample.example.com，子域应映射到example.com/sample/。同样，如果用户访问sample.example.com/account/，它应该映射到example.com/sample/account/，依此类推。应该注意的是，example.com/sample/URL 是这种类型的结构的重写：example.com/index.php?user=sample.

还有一些不应该重定向的保留子域，例如cdn和admin。如果需要，这些规则应该忽略它们。

当用户创建帐户时，如何自动实现这一点？这里的目标是自动化 - 正确设置一次，不用担心。由于我几天前刚刚开始使用 nginx，我完全不知道从哪里开始。任何让我朝着正确方向前进的建议都会非常有帮助。这是我当前的域配置文件：

server {
    listen          80;
    server_name     www.example.com;
    rewrite     ^(.*) $scheme://example.com$1 permanent;
}

server {
    listen          443 ssl;
    server_name     www.example.com;
    rewrite         ^(.*) $scheme://example.com$1 permanent;
}

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name example.com;

    access_log  /var/www/example.com/logs/access.log;
    error_log   /var/www/example.com/logs/error.log;

    root        /var/www/example.com/public;
    index       index.php;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ @wordpress /index.php?q=$request_uri;
    }

    location @wordpress {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/example.com/public/index.php;
        include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /index.php;
    }

    # Pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on UNIX sockets.
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri @wordpress;
        fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/example.com/public$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

server {
    listen                      443 ssl;
    ssl                         on;
    keepalive_timeout           70;
    server_name                 example.com;
    ssl_certificate             ssl/example.com.chained.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key         ssl/example.key;
    ssl_protocols               SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers                 HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_session_cache           shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout         10m;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

    root        /var/www/example.com/public;
    index       index.php;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ @wordpress /index.php?q=$request_uri;
    }

    location @wordpress {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/example.com/public/index.php;
        include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /index.php;
    }

    # Pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on UNIX sockets.
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri @wordpress;
        fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/example.com/public$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

我知道/etc/nginx/nginx.conf如果我希望它自动化，我想要实现的目标可能需要进入文件，并且我正在积极尝试学习如何实现这一目标。我只是被困在我现在的位置，正在寻找任何可以为我指明正确方向的建议/帮助。我渴望学习！

Answer 1

回答

经过几天的搜索、调整和配置，我已经编写了将子域映射到 URL 所需的代码，就像我的示例一样。这是我的 example.com 虚拟主机：https : //gist.github.com/thomasgriffin/4733283

server {
    listen      80;
    listen      443 ssl;
    server_name ~^(?<user>[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)\.example\.com$;

    location / {
        resolver            8.8.8.8;
        rewrite             ^([^.]*[^/])$ $1/ permanent;
        proxy_pass_header   Set-Cookie;
        proxy_pass          $scheme://example.com/user/$user$request_uri;
    }
}

server {
    listen          80;
    listen          443 ssl;
    server_name     www.example.com;
    return          301 $scheme://example.com$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name example.com;

    access_log  /var/www/example.com/logs/access.log;
    error_log   /var/www/example.com/logs/error.log;

    root        /var/www/example.com/public;
    index       index.php;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ @wordpress /index.php?q=$request_uri;
    }

    location @wordpress {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /index.php;
    }

    # Pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on UNIX sockets.
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri @wordpress;
        fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

server {
    listen                      443 ssl;
    ssl                         on;
    keepalive_timeout           70;
    server_name                 example.com;
    ssl_certificate             ssl/example.com.chained.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key         ssl/example.key;
    ssl_protocols               SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers                 HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_session_cache           shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout         10m;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

    root        /var/www/example.com/public;
    index       index.php;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ @wordpress /index.php?q=$request_uri;
    }

    location @wordpress {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /index.php;
    }

    # Pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on UNIX sockets.
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri @wordpress;
        fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

映射的主要块在第一个服务器块中完成。我的目标是任何子域（我已经用其他不相关的代码清除了受限制的子域）并重写它以确保它具有尾部斜杠，以避免 WordPress 对没有尾部斜杠的 URL 进行任何内部重定向。从那里，resolver指令需要解析 中定义的 URL proxy_pass，所以我正在使用 Google 的 DNS 进行解析。我还使用proxy_pass_header指令发送 cookie 以保持 WordPress 登录身份验证。proxy_pass定义要映射到的 URL。

还应该注意的是，如果您想对子域也使用登录身份验证，则需要wp-config.php像这样定义自定义 cookie 域：

define('COOKIE_DOMAIN', '.example.com');

应该就是这样。您现在可以享受subdomain.example.com该地图example.com/user/subdomain/或任何您想要的URL 。从那里，您可以利用 WordPress 的重写 API 将映射的 URL 映射到可以发送到$wp_query用于加载自定义模板等的特定查询参数。

Answer 2

以下应该做到这一点：

server {
  listen 80; listen 443;
  server_name *.example.com;

  if ($host ~ "^(.*)\.example\.com$" ) { set $subdomain $1;}
  rewrite ^ $scheme://example.com/$subdomain/$request_uri permanent;
}

（顺便说一句：正则表达式^最有效地匹配所有 url，并且标准 nginx 变量$request_uri保存包含参数的 uri，因此您不需要(.*)重写中的组）

另外为您不想重定向的域添加第二个服务器块：

server {
  listen 80; listen 443;
  server_name cdn.example.com admin.example.com;
  # do whatever with the requests of the reserved subdomains;
}