列出R包依赖性而不安装包

Jon*_*sic 28 version-control dependencies packages r

有没有一种简单的方法来获取给定包的R包依赖项列表(所有递归依赖项),而无需安装包及其依赖项?类似于portupgrade或apt中的假装置.

jub*_*uba 31

您可以使用该available.packages功能的结果.例如,要查看ggplot2取决于:

pack <- available.packages()
pack["ggplot2","Depends"]
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这使 :

[1] "R (>= 2.14), stats, methods"
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请注意,根据您要实现的目标,您可能还需要检查该Imports字段.


Mat*_*fou 12

我很惊讶没有人提到tools::package_dependencies()这是最简单的解决方案,并且有一个recursive论点(公认的解决方案没有提供)。

查看 CRAN 上前 200 个包的递归依赖关系的简单示例:

library(tidyverse)
avail_pks <- available.packages()
deps <- tools::package_dependencies(packages = avail_pks[1:200, "Package"],
                                    recursive = TRUE)

tibble(Package=names(deps),
       data=map(deps, as_tibble)) %>% 
  unnest(data)
#> # A tibble: 7,125 x 2
#>    Package value         
#>    <chr>   <chr>         
#>  1 A3      xtable        
#>  2 A3      pbapply       
#>  3 A3      parallel      
#>  4 A3      stats         
#>  5 A3      utils         
#>  6 aaSEA   DT            
#>  7 aaSEA   networkD3     
#>  8 aaSEA   shiny         
#>  9 aaSEA   shinydashboard
#> 10 aaSEA   magrittr      
#> # … with 7,115 more rows
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reprex 包(v0.3.0)于 2020 年 12 月 4 日创建


Jes*_*sse 8

我没有安装R,我需要找出哪些R软件包依赖于我公司要求使用的R软件包列表.

我编写了一个bash脚本,它迭代文件中的R Packages列表,并递归地发现依赖项.

该脚本使用名为rinput_orig.txt的文件作为输入(如下所示).该脚本将在其工作时创建名为rinput.txt的文件.

该脚本将创建以下文件:

  • rdepsfound.txt - 列出找到的依赖项,包括依赖于它的R Package(下面的示例).
  • routput.txt - 列出所有R包(来自原始列表和依赖项列表)以及许可证和CRAN URL(下面的示例).
  • r404.txt - 尝试卷曲时收到404的R包列表.如果您的原始列表有任何拼写错误,这很方便.

Bash脚本:

#!/bin/bash

# CLEANUP
rm routput.txt
rm rdepsfound.txt
rm r404.txt

# COPY ORIGINAL INPUT TO WORKING INPUT
cp rinput_orig.txt rinput.txt

IFS=","
while read PACKAGE; do
    echo Processing $PACKAGE...

    PACKAGEURL="http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/${PACKAGE}/index.html"

    if [ `curl -o /dev/null --silent --head --write-out '%{http_code}\n' ${PACKAGEURL}` != 404 ]; then
        # GET LICENSE INFO OF PACKAGE
        LICENSEINFO=$(curl ${PACKAGEURL} 2>/dev/null | grep -A1 "License:" | grep -v "License:" | gawk 'match($0, /<a href=".*">(.*)<\/a>/, a) {print a[0]}' | sed "s/|/,/g" | sed "s/+/,/g")
        for x in ${LICENSEINFO[*]}
        do
            # SAVE LICENSE
            LICENSE=$(echo ${x} | gawk 'match($0, /<a href=".*">(.*)<\/a>/, a) {print a[1]}')
            break
        done

        # WRITE PACKAGE AND LICENSE TO OUTPUT FILE
        echo $PACKAGE $LICENSE $PACKAGEURL >> routput.txt

        # GET DEPENDENCIES OF PACKAGE
        DEPS=$(curl ${PACKAGEURL} 2>/dev/null | grep -A1 "Depends:" | grep -v "Depends:" | gawk 'match($0, /<a href=".*">(.*)<\/a>/, a) {print a[0]}')
        for x in ${DEPS[*]}
        do
            FOUNDDEP=$(echo "${x}" | gawk 'match($0, /<a href=".*">(.*)<\/a>/, a) {print a[1]}' | sed "s/<\/span>//g")
            if [ "$FOUNDDEP" != "" ]; then
                echo Found dependency $FOUNDDEP for $PACKAGE...
                grep $FOUNDDEP rinput.txt > /dev/null
                if [ "$?" = "0" ]; then
                    echo $FOUNDDEP already exists in package list...
                else
                    echo Adding $FOUNDDEP to package list...
                    # SAVE FOUND DEPENDENCY BACK TO INPUT LIST
                    echo $FOUNDDEP >> rinput.txt
                    # SAVE FOUND DEPENDENCY TO DEPENDENCY LIST FOR EASY VIEWING OF ALL FOUND DEPENDENCIES
                    echo $FOUNDDEP is a dependency of $PACKAGE >> rdepsfound.txt
                fi
            fi
        done
    else
        echo Skipping $PACKAGE because 404 was received...
        echo $PACKAGE $PACKAGEURL >> r404.txt
    fi

done < rinput.txt
echo -e "\nRESULT:"
sort -u routput.txt
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示例rinput_orig.txt:

shiny
rmarkdown
xtable
RODBC
RJDBC
XLConnect
openxlsx
xlsx
Rcpp
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运行脚本时的控制台输出示例:

Processing shiny...
Processing rmarkdown...
Processing xtable...
Processing RODBC...
Processing RJDBC...
Found dependency DBI for RJDBC...
Adding DBI to package list...
Found dependency rJava for RJDBC...
Adding rJava to package list...
Processing XLConnect...
Found dependency XLConnectJars for XLConnect...
Adding XLConnectJars to package list...
Processing openxlsx...
Processing xlsx...
Found dependency rJava for xlsx...
rJava already exists in package list...
Found dependency xlsxjars for xlsx...
Adding xlsxjars to package list...
Processing Rcpp...
Processing DBI...
Processing rJava...
Processing XLConnectJars...
Processing xlsxjars...
Found dependency rJava for xlsxjars...
rJava already exists in package list...
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示例rdepsfound.txt:

DBI is a dependency of RJDBC
rJava is a dependency of RJDBC
XLConnectJars is a dependency of XLConnect
xlsxjars is a dependency of xlsx
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示例routput.txt:

shiny GPL-3 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/shiny/index.html
rmarkdown GPL-3 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rmarkdown/index.html
xtable GPL-2 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/xtable/index.html
RODBC GPL-2 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RODBC/index.html
RJDBC GPL-2 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RJDBC/index.html
XLConnect GPL-3 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/XLConnect/index.html
openxlsx GPL-3 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/openxlsx/index.html
xlsx GPL-3 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/xlsx/index.html
Rcpp GPL-2 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/Rcpp/index.html
DBI LGPL-2 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/DBI/index.html
rJava GPL-2 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rJava/index.html
XLConnectJars GPL-3 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/XLConnectJars/index.html
xlsxjars GPL-3 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/xlsxjars/index.html
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我希望这可以帮助别人!


zer*_*eck 7

另一个简洁明了的解决方案是recursivePackageDependencies库中的内部函数packrat。但是,该软件包必须安装在计算机上的某些库中。优点是它也可以与自制的非CRAN软件包一起使用。例:

packrat:::recursivePackageDependencies("ggplot2",lib.loc = .libPaths()[1])
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给予:

 [1] "R6"           "RColorBrewer" "Rcpp"         "colorspace"   "dichromat"    "digest"       "gtable"      
 [8] "labeling"     "lazyeval"     "magrittr"     "munsell"      "plyr"         "reshape2"     "rlang"       
 [15] "scales"       "stringi"      "stringr"      "tibble"       "viridisLite" 
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  • 对于那些寻求快速而肮脏的解决方案的人,请注意使用 :::: 访问内部函数是一个设计错误。https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/base/html/ns-dbcolon.html (2认同)

pol*_*kas 5

packrat我针对和测试了我自己的解决方案(检查了本地安装的软件包)tools
您可以发现方法之间的明显差异。
tools::package_dependencies看起来为旧的 R 版本(直到 4.1.0 和recursive = TRUE)提供了太多的信息,并且不是有效的解决方案。

R 4.1.0 NEWS
"Function tools::package_dependencies() (in package tools) can now use different dependency types for direct and recursive dependencies."
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packrat:::recursivePackageDependencies正在使用available.packages,因此它基于最新的远程软件包,而不是本地软件包。

默认情况下,我的功能是跳过基础包,base如果您也想附加它们,请更改参数。

在 R 4.1.0 下测试:

R 4.1.0 NEWS
"Function tools::package_dependencies() (in package tools) can now use different dependency types for direct and recursive dependencies."
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由reprex 包(v0.3.0)于 2021-06-25 创建

证明tools旧 R 版本下的解决方案是错误的。在 R 3.6.3 下测试。

get_deps <- function(package, fields = c("Depends", "Imports", "LinkingTo"), base = FALSE, lib.loc = NULL) {
  stopifnot((length(package) == 1) && is.character(package))
  stopifnot(all(fields %in% c("Depends", "Imports", "Suggests", "LinkingTo")))
  stopifnot(is.logical(base))
  stopifnot(package %in% rownames(utils::installed.packages(lib.loc = lib.loc)))

  paks_global <- NULL
  
  deps <- function(pak, fileds) {
    pks <- packageDescription(pak)
    res <- NULL
    for (f in fileds) {
      ff <- pks[[f]]
      if (!is.null(ff)) {
        res <- c(
          res,
          vapply(
            strsplit(trimws(strsplit(ff, ",")[[1]]), "[ \n\\(]"),
            function(x) x[1],
            character(1)
          )
        )
      }
    }
    if (is.null(res)) {
      return(NULL)
    }
    for (r in res) {
      if (r != "R" && !r %in% paks_global) {
        paks_global <<- c(r, paks_global)
        deps(r, fields)
      }
    }
  }
  
  deps(package, fields)
  
  setdiff(unique(paks_global), c(
     package,
     "R",
     if (!base) {
       c(
         "stats",
         "graphics",
         "grDevices",
         "utils",
         "datasets",
         "methods",
         "base", 
         "tools"
       )
     } else {
       NULL
     }
   ))
}

own = get_deps("shiny", fields = c("Depends", "Imports"))

packrat = packrat:::recursivePackageDependencies("shiny", lib.loc = .libPaths(), fields = c("Depends", "Imports"))

tools = tools::package_dependencies("shiny", which =  c("Depends", "Imports"), recursive = TRUE)[[1]]

setdiff(own, packrat)
#> character(0)
setdiff(packrat, own)
#> character(0)
setdiff(own, tools)
#> character(0)
setdiff(tools, own)
#> [1] "methods"   "utils"     "grDevices" "tools"     "stats"     "graphics"
setdiff(packrat, tools)
#> character(0)
setdiff(tools, packrat)
#> [1] "methods"   "utils"     "grDevices" "tools"     "stats"     "graphics"

own
#>  [1] "lifecycle"   "ellipsis"    "cachem"      "jquerylib"   "rappdirs"   
#>  [6] "fs"          "sass"        "bslib"       "glue"        "commonmark" 
#> [11] "withr"       "fastmap"     "crayon"      "sourcetools" "base64enc"  
#> [16] "htmltools"   "digest"      "xtable"      "jsonlite"    "mime"       
#> [21] "magrittr"    "rlang"       "later"       "promises"    "R6"         
#> [26] "Rcpp"        "httpuv"
packrat
#>  [1] "R6"          "Rcpp"        "base64enc"   "bslib"       "cachem"     
#>  [6] "commonmark"  "crayon"      "digest"      "ellipsis"    "fastmap"    
#> [11] "fs"          "glue"        "htmltools"   "httpuv"      "jquerylib"  
#> [16] "jsonlite"    "later"       "lifecycle"   "magrittr"    "mime"       
#> [21] "promises"    "rappdirs"    "rlang"       "sass"        "sourcetools"
#> [26] "withr"       "xtable"
tools
#>  [1] "methods"     "utils"       "grDevices"   "httpuv"      "mime"       
#>  [6] "jsonlite"    "xtable"      "digest"      "htmltools"   "R6"         
#> [11] "sourcetools" "later"       "promises"    "tools"       "crayon"     
#> [16] "rlang"       "fastmap"     "withr"       "commonmark"  "glue"       
#> [21] "bslib"       "cachem"      "ellipsis"    "lifecycle"   "sass"       
#> [26] "jquerylib"   "magrittr"    "base64enc"   "Rcpp"        "stats"      
#> [31] "graphics"    "fs"          "rappdirs"

microbenchmark::microbenchmark(get_deps("shiny", fields = c("Depends", "Imports")),
                               packrat:::recursivePackageDependencies("shiny", lib.loc = .libPaths(), fields = c("Depends", "Imports")),
                               tools = tools::package_dependencies("shiny", which =  c("Depends", "Imports"), recursive = TRUE)[[1]],
                               times = 5
)
#> Warning in microbenchmark::microbenchmark(get_deps("shiny", fields =
#> c("Depends", : less accurate nanosecond times to avoid potential integer
#> overflows
#> Unit: milliseconds
#>                                                                                                           expr
#>                                                            get_deps("shiny", fields = c("Depends", "Imports"))
#>  packrat:::recursivePackageDependencies("shiny", lib.loc = .libPaths(),      fields = c("Depends", "Imports"))
#>                                                                                                          tools
#>         min         lq       mean     median         uq        max neval
#>    5.316552   5.607365   6.054568   5.674359   6.633308   7.041258     5
#>   18.767340  19.387588  21.739127  21.581457  23.526169  25.433079     5
#>  411.589734 449.179354 458.526354 465.431262 468.440211 497.991207     5
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由reprex 包(v0.3.0)于 2021-06-25 创建