如何判断我是否在x64上运行？

Question

我刚刚收到一个错误报告,该问题仅在程序"运行在64位计算机上"时才会出现.现在,Delphi不会生成64位代码,所以从理论上说这应该不重要,但显然它确实在这种情况下.我想我有一个解决方法,但它会破坏32位Windows上的东西,所以我需要一些方法来告诉:

1. 如果我在x64或x86处理器上运行
2. 如果我在Win32仿真下运行64位版本的Windows或在32位操作系统上运行本机Win32.

有谁知道如何从我的应用程序中获得这些答案？

Answer 1

Mason,您可以使用IsWow64Process(WOW64是x86仿真器,允许32位基于Windows的应用程序在64位Windows上无缝运行)

Uses Windows;

type
  WinIsWow64 = function( Handle: THandle; var Iret: BOOL ): Windows.BOOL; stdcall;


function IAmIn64Bits: Boolean;
var
  HandleTo64BitsProcess: WinIsWow64;
  Iret                 : Windows.BOOL;
begin
  Result := False;
  HandleTo64BitsProcess := GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle('kernel32.dll'), 'IsWow64Process');
  if Assigned(HandleTo64BitsProcess) then
  begin
    if not HandleTo64BitsProcess(GetCurrentProcess, Iret) then
    Raise Exception.Create('Invalid handle');
    Result := Iret;
  end;
end;

再见.

Answer 2

我看到你的问题2(你在Win64上运行吗？)已经回答了.请记住,为了使您的代码能够面向未来,您需要考虑在Win64上运行的(假设的)64位Delphi应用程序中,IsWow64Process也将返回FALSE.

关于你的第一个问题 - 你是64位CPU - 你可以检查硬件上各自的CPUID功能标志,如下面的代码所示.

function Is64BitProcessor: boolean;
begin
  Result:=false;
  if CpuidAvailable = true then Result := Has64BitFeatureFlag;
end;

它使用以下两个低级函数:

function CPUIDavailable:boolean;
asm // if EFLAGS bit 21 can be modified then CPUID is available
    pushfd              //Save Flags
          pushfd        //Copy flags to EAX
          pop eax
          mov ecx,eax   //Make another copy in ECX
          btc eax,21    //Complement bit 21
          push eax      //Copy EAX to flags
          popfd
          pushfd        //Copy flags back to EAX
          pop eax
          cmp eax,ecx   //Compare "old" flags value with potentially modified "new" value
          setne al      //Set return value
    popfd               //Restore flags
end;


function Has64BitFeatureFlag: boolean;
asm
  //IF CPUID.80000001h.EDX[bit29]=1 THEN it's a 64bit processor.
  //But we first need to check whether there's a function 80000001h.
  push ebx                  //Save EBX as CPUID will modify EBX
  push esi                  //Save ESI as we'll use ESI internally

xor eax,eax             //Setting EAX = input param for CPUID to 0
cpuid                   //Call CPUID.0
                        //Returns -> EAX = max "standard" EAX input value
mov esi, eax            //Saving MaxStdInput Value

mov eax,80000000h       //Setting EAX = input param for CPUID to $80000000
cpuid                   //Call CPUID.80000000h
                        //Returns -> EAX = max "extended" EAX input value
                        //If 80000000h call is unsupported (no 64-bit processor),
                        //cpuid should return the same as in call 0
cmp eax, esi
je @No64BitProcessor    //IF EAX{MaxExtInput} = ESI{MaxStdInput} THEN goto No64BitProcessor;

cmp eax, 80000001h
jb @No64BitProcessor    //IF EAX{MaxExtInput} < $80000001 THEN goto No64BitProcessor;

mov eax,80000001h       //Call $80000001 is supported, setting EAX:=$80000001
cpuid                   //Call CPUID.80000001h
                        //Checking "AMD long mode"/"Intel EM64T" feature bit (i.e., 64bit processor)
bt edx, 29              //by checking CPUID.80000001h.EDX[bit29]
setc al                 //IF Bit29=1 then AL{Result}:=1{true; it's a 64-bit processor}
jmp @Exit               //Exit {Note that Delphi may actually recode this as POP ESI; POP EBX; RET}


@ No64BitProcessor:xor eax,eax //结果{AL/EAX}:= 0 {false; 它是一个32位处理器}; @Exit:pop esi //恢复ESI pop ebx //恢复EBX结束;


EDIT1:注意事项CPUIDavailable:这当然假设> = 32位x86处理器(80386或更高版本),但Delphi Win32代码无论如何都不会在早期的机器上运行.CPUID指令是在80486后期处理器中引入的.