如何在HttpClient的HttpRequestMessage上设置cookie

Question

我正在尝试使用web api HttpClient对端点进行发布,该端点需要以标识帐户的HTTP cookie的形式登录(这只是#ifdef发布版本之外的内容).

如何添加cookie HttpRequestMessage？

Answer 1

以下是为请求设置自定义cookie值的方法:

var baseAddress = new Uri("http://example.com");
var cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
using (var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { CookieContainer = cookieContainer })
using (var client = new HttpClient(handler) { BaseAddress = baseAddress })
{
    var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(new[]
    {
        new KeyValuePair<string, string>("foo", "bar"),
        new KeyValuePair<string, string>("baz", "bazinga"),
    });
    cookieContainer.Add(baseAddress, new Cookie("CookieName", "cookie_value"));
    var result = client.PostAsync("/test", content).Result;
    result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
}

Answer 2

在大多数情况下,接受的答案是正确的方法.但是,在某些情况下您需要手动设置cookie标头.通常,如果您设置"Cookie"标头,则会被忽略,但这是因为HttpClientHandler默认使用其CookieContainer属性进行Cookie.如果您禁用它,那么通过设置UseCookies,false您可以手动设置cookie标头,它们将出现在请求中,例如

var baseAddress = new Uri("http://example.com");
using (var handler = new HttpClientHandler { UseCookies = false })
using (var client = new HttpClient(handler) { BaseAddress = baseAddress })
{
    var message = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "/test");
    message.Headers.Add("Cookie", "cookie1=value1; cookie2=value2");
    var result = await client.SendAsync(message);
    result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
}

Answer 3

我遇到了类似的问题，对于我的 AspNetCore 3.1 应用程序，此问题的其他答案不起作用。我发现在我的配置中配置一个名为 HttpClientStartup.cs并使用 Cookie 标头的标头传播效果非常好。它还避免了有关正确处置您的处理程序和客户的所有担忧。请注意，如果请求 cookie 的传播不是您所需要的（对不起 Op），您可以在配置客户端工厂时设置您自己的 cookie。

• 我使用了 Microsoft 的本指南 - Make HTTP requests using IHttpClientFactory in ASP.NET Core
• 本节介绍标头传播 -标头传播中间件

配置服务IServiceCollection

services.AddHttpClient("MyNamedClient").AddHeaderPropagation();
services.AddHeaderPropagation(options =>
{
    options.Headers.Add("Cookie");
});

配置为IApplicationBuilder

builder.UseHeaderPropagation();

• 将其注入IHttpClientFactory到您的控制器或中间件中。
• 创建您的客户using var client = clientFactory.CreateClient("MyNamedClient");

Answer 4

对我来说，简单的解决方案可以在HttpRequestMessage对象中设置 cookie 。

protected async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendRequest(HttpRequestMessage requestMessage, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
    requestMessage.Headers.Add("Cookie", $"<Cookie Name 1>=<Cookie Value 1>;<Cookie Name 2>=<Cookie Value 2>");

    return await _httpClient.SendAsync(requestMessage, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
}

Answer 5

在这个问题上花了几个小时后，上面的答案都没有帮助我，所以我找到了一个非常有用的工具。

首先，我使用 Telerik 的 Fiddler 4 详细研究了我的 Web 请求

其次，我遇到了这个对 Fiddler 有用的插件：

https://github.com/sunilpottumuttu/FiddlerGenerateHttpClientCode

它只会为您生成 C# 代码。一个例子是：

        var uriBuilder = new UriBuilder("test.php", "test");
        var httpClient = new HttpClient();


        var httpRequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, uriBuilder.ToString());



        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Host", "test.com");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Connection", "keep-alive");
     //   httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Content-Length", "138");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Pragma", "no-cache");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Origin", "test.com");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Upgrade-Insecure-Requests", "1");
    //    httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Accept", "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Referer", "http://www.translationdirectory.com/");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Accept-Language", "en-GB,en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8");
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add("Cookie", "__utmc=266643403; __utmz=266643403.1537352460.3.3.utmccn=(referral)|utmcsr=google.co.uk|utmcct=/|utmcmd=referral; __utma=266643403.817561753.1532012719.1537357162.1537361568.5; __utmb=266643403; __atuvc=0%7C34%2C0%7C35%2C0%7C36%2C0%7C37%2C48%7C38; __atuvs=5ba2469fbb02458f002");


        var httpResponseMessage = httpClient.SendAsync(httpRequestMessage).Result;

        var httpContent = httpResponseMessage.Content;
        string result = httpResponseMessage.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

请注意，我不得不注释掉两行，因为这个插件还不完全完美，但它仍然完成了工作。

免责声明：无论如何，我与 Telerik 或插件作者都没有关联或认可。