有没有办法列出pip依赖/需求？

Question

如果不进行安装,我想快速查看pip install将要安装的所有软件包.

Answer 1

已接受的答案不再适用于更新的pip版本,并且在不仔细阅读多条评论的情况下不会给出即时答案,因此我提供了更新的答案.

这与PIP测试版本8.1.2,9.0.1,10.0.1和18.1.

要在Linux上使用,而不会使当前目录混乱

pip download [package] -d /tmp --no-binary :all:

-d 告诉pip下载应放入文件的目录.

更好的是,只需使用此脚本作为包名称参数,仅将依赖项作为输出:

#!/bin/sh

PACKAGE=$1
pip download $PACKAGE -d /tmp --no-binary :all: \
| grep Collecting \
| cut -d' ' -f2 \
| grep -Ev "$PACKAGE(~|=|\!|>|<|$)"

也可以在这里.

Answer 2

看看johnnydep!

安装:

pip install johnnydep

用法示例:

$ johnnydep requests
name                       summary
-------------------------  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
requests                   Python HTTP for Humans.
??? certifi>=2017.4.17     Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle.
??? chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2  Universal encoding detector for Python 2 and 3
??? idna<2.7,>=2.5         Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)
??? urllib3<1.23,>=1.21.1  HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post, and more.

一棵更复杂的树:

$ johnnydep ipython 
name                              summary
--------------------------------  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ipython                           IPython: Productive Interactive Computing
??? appnope                       Disable App Nap on OS X 10.9
??? decorator                     Better living through Python with decorators
??? jedi>=0.10                    An autocompletion tool for Python that can be used for text editors.
?   ??? parso==0.1.1              A Python Parser
??? pexpect                       Pexpect allows easy control of interactive console applications.
?   ??? ptyprocess>=0.5           Run a subprocess in a pseudo terminal
??? pickleshare                   Tiny 'shelve'-like database with concurrency support
??? prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4  Library for building powerful interactive command lines in Python
?   ??? six>=1.9.0                Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities
?   ??? wcwidth                   Measures number of Terminal column cells of wide-character codes
??? pygments                      Pygments is a syntax highlighting package written in Python.
??? setuptools>=18.5              Easily download, build, install, upgrade, and uninstall Python packages
??? simplegeneric>0.8             Simple generic functions (similar to Python's own len(), pickle.dump(), etc.)
??? traitlets>=4.2                Traitlets Python config system
    ??? decorator                 Better living through Python with decorators
    ??? ipython-genutils          Vestigial utilities from IPython
    ??? six                       Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities

Answer 3

你可以直接用pip得到的最接近的是使用pip参数:

pip install --no-install <package>

例如,这是安装芹菜时的输出:

Downloading/unpacking celery                                                                                   
  Downloading celery-2.5.5.tar.gz (945Kb): 945Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package celery

    no previously-included directories found matching 'tests/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'contrib/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'celery/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'examples/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'bin/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/.build'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/graffles'
    no previously-included directories found matching '.tox/*'
Downloading/unpacking anyjson>=0.3.1 (from celery)
  Downloading anyjson-0.3.3.tar.gz
  Running setup.py egg_info for package anyjson

Downloading/unpacking kombu>=2.1.8,<2.2.0 (from celery)
  Downloading kombu-2.1.8.tar.gz (273Kb): 273Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package kombu

Downloading/unpacking python-dateutil>=1.5,<2.0 (from celery)
  Downloading python-dateutil-1.5.tar.gz (233Kb): 233Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package python-dateutil

Downloading/unpacking amqplib>=1.0 (from kombu>=2.1.8,<2.2.0->celery)
  Downloading amqplib-1.0.2.tgz (58Kb): 58Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package amqplib

Successfully downloaded celery anyjson kombu python-dateutil amqplib

不可否认,这确实会以临时文件的形式留下一些残余,但它确实实现了目标.如果你使用virtualenv(你应该这样做)这样做,清理就像删除--no-install目录一样简单.

Answer 4

我引用@onnovalking 的替代解决方案：

PyPi 提供带有包元数据的 JSON 端点：

>>> import requests
>>> url = 'https://pypi.org/pypi/{}/json'
>>> json = requests.get(url.format('pandas')).json()
>>> json['info']['requires_dist']
['numpy (>=1.9.0)', 'pytz (>=2011k)', 'python-dateutil (>=2.5.0)']
>>> json['info']['requires_python']
'>=2.7,!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,!=3.3.*,!=3.4.*'

对于特定的软件包版本，请在 URL 中添加额外的版本段：

https://pypi.org/pypi/pandas/0.22.0/json

另外，如果您使用 conda （按照 @ShpielMeister 的建议），您可以使用：

conda info package==X.X.X

显示信息，包括特定版本的依赖项或：

conda info package

显示信息，包括有关该包的所有受支持版本的依赖项。

Answer 5

当且仅当包安装时,您可以使用pip show <package>.Requires:在输出结尾处查找字段.显然,这会破坏您的要求,但仍然有用.

例如:

$ pip --version
pip 7.1.0 [...]
$ pip show pytest
---
Metadata-Version: 2.0
Name: pytest
Version: 2.7.2
Summary: pytest: simple powerful testing with Python
Home-page: http://pytest.org
Author: Holger Krekel, Benjamin Peterson, Ronny Pfannschmidt, Floris Bruynooghe and others
Author-email: holger at merlinux.eu
License: MIT license
Location: /home/usr/.tox/develop/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requires: py

Answer 6

使用pipdeptree ( pip install pipdeptree)。需要安装该包。

\n

$ pipdeptree -p pandas\npandas==1.2.2\n  - numpy [required: >=1.16.5, installed: 1.19.5]\n  - python-dateutil [required: >=2.7.3, installed: 2.8.1]\n    - six [required: >=1.5, installed: 1.15.0]\n  - pytz [required: >=2017.3, installed: 2021.1]\n

\n

使用johnnydep ( pip install johnnydep)。速度较慢，因为它下载了软件包的轮子。

\n

$ johnnydep pandas\n2021-06-09 11:01:21 [info     ] init johnnydist                [johnnydep.lib] dist=pandas parent=None\n2021-06-09 11:01:22 [info     ] init johnnydist                [johnnydep.lib] dist=numpy>=1.16.5 parent=pandas\n2021-06-09 11:01:22 [info     ] init johnnydist                [johnnydep.lib] dist=python-dateutil>=2.7.3 parent=pandas\n2021-06-09 11:01:23 [info     ] init johnnydist                [johnnydep.lib] dist=pytz>=2017.3 parent=pandas\n2021-06-09 11:01:23 [info     ] init johnnydist                [johnnydep.lib] dist=six>=1.5 parent=python-dateutil>=2.7.3\nname                        summary\n--------------------------  -----------------------------------------------------------------------\npandas                      Powerful data structures for data analysis, time series, and statistics\n\xe2\x94\x9c\xe2\x94\x80\xe2\x94\x80 numpy>=1.16.5           NumPy is the fundamental package for array computing with Python.\n\xe2\x94\x9c\xe2\x94\x80\xe2\x94\x80 python-dateutil>=2.7.3  Extensions to the standard Python datetime module\n\xe2\x94\x82   \xe2\x94\x94\xe2\x94\x80\xe2\x94\x80 six>=1.5            Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities\n\xe2\x94\x94\xe2\x94\x80\xe2\x94\x80 pytz>=2017.3            World timezone definitions, modern and historical\n

\n