将整个DataTable一次性插入数据库而不是逐行插入？

Question

我有一个DataTable,需要将整个事物推送到Database表.

我可以使用foreach并一次插入每一行来获取所有内容.这非常缓慢,因为有几千行.

有没有办法一次完成整个数据表可能更快？

DataTable的列数少于SQL表.其余的应该留空.

Answer 1

我发现SqlBulkCopy是一种简单的方法,并且不需要在SQL Server中编写存储过程.

以下是我如何实现它的示例:

// take note of SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity , you may or may not want to use this for your situation.  

using (var bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(_connection.ConnectionString, SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity))
{
      // my DataTable column names match my SQL Column names, so I simply made this loop. However if your column names don't match, just pass in which datatable name matches the SQL column name in Column Mappings
      foreach (DataColumn col in table.Columns)
      {
          bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add(col.ColumnName, col.ColumnName);
      }

      bulkCopy.BulkCopyTimeout = 600;
      bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = destinationTableName;
      bulkCopy.WriteToServer(table);
}

Answer 2

由于您已经拥有DataTable,并且由于我假设您使用的是SQL Server 2008或更高版本,因此这可能是最简单的方法.首先,在您的数据库中,创建以下两个对象:

CREATE TYPE dbo.MyDataTable -- you can be more speciifc here
AS TABLE
(
  col1 INT,
  col2 DATETIME
  -- etc etc. The columns you have in your data table.
);
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.InsertMyDataTable
  @dt AS dbo.MyDataTable READONLY
AS
BEGIN
  SET NOCOUNT ON;

  INSERT dbo.RealTable(column list) SELECT column list FROM @dt;
END
GO

现在在您的C#代码中:

DataTable tvp = new DataTable();
// define / populate DataTable

using (connectionObject)
{
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("dbo.InsertMyDataTable", connectionObject);
    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
    SqlParameter tvparam = cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@dt", tvp);
    tvparam.SqlDbType = SqlDbType.Structured;
    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}

如果您在问题中提供了更具体的细节,我会给出一个更具体的答案.

Answer 3

考虑这种方法，您不需要 for 循环：

using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(connection))
{
    bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = 
        "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";

    try
    {
        // Write from the source to the destination.
        bulkCopy.WriteToServer(ExistingSqlTableName);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
    }
}