bee*_*alo 7 scala type-level-computation shapeless
我一直致力于Okasaki的密集二进制数字系统的"无形样式"实现.它只是一个类型级别的位列表; 一种HList二进制Digit的.我已经完成了我的操作的初稿,其中包括您对自然数字所期望的标准数学运算.直到现在我才意识到编码中的一个大问题.如何在我的Induction示例中修复隐式分辨率?随意将整个代码段粘贴到REPL中.在这个例子中,对shapeless的唯一依赖是for DepFn1和DepFn2.
import shapeless.{ DepFn1, DepFn2 }
sealed trait Digit
case object Zero extends Digit
case object One extends Digit
sealed trait Dense { type N <: Dense }
final case class ::[+H <: Digit, +T <: Dense](digit: H, tail: T) extends Dense {
type N = digit.type :: tail.N
}
sealed trait DNil extends Dense {
type N = DNil
}
case object DNil extends DNil
/* ops */
trait IsDCons[N <: Dense] {
type H <: Digit
type T <: Dense
def digit(n: N): H
def tail(n: N): T
}
object IsDCons {
type Aux[N <: Dense, H0 <: Digit, T0 <: Dense] = IsDCons[N] {
type H = H0
type T = T0
}
def apply[N <: Dense](implicit ev: IsDCons[N]): Aux[N, ev.H, ev.T] = ev
implicit def isDCons[H0 <: Digit, T0 <: Dense]: Aux[H0 :: T0, H0, T0] =
new IsDCons[H0 :: T0] {
type H = H0
type T = T0
def digit(n: H0 :: T0): H = n.digit
def tail(n: H0 :: T0): T = n.tail
}
}
// Disallows Leading Zeros
trait SafeCons[H <: Digit, T <: Dense] extends DepFn2[H, T] { type Out <: Dense }
trait LowPrioritySafeCons {
type Aux[H <: Digit, T <: Dense, Out0 <: Dense] = SafeCons[H, T] { type Out = Out0 }
implicit def sc1[H <: Digit, T <: Dense]: Aux[H, T, H :: T] =
new SafeCons[H, T] {
type Out = H :: T
def apply(h: H, t: T) = h :: t
}
}
object SafeCons extends LowPrioritySafeCons {
implicit val sc0: Aux[Zero.type, DNil, DNil] =
new SafeCons[Zero.type, DNil] {
type Out = DNil
def apply(h: Zero.type, t: DNil) = DNil
}
}
trait ShiftLeft[N <: Dense] extends DepFn1[N] { type Out <: Dense }
object ShiftLeft {
type Aux[N <: Dense, Out0 <: Dense] = ShiftLeft[N] { type Out = Out0 }
implicit def sl1[T <: Dense](implicit sc: SafeCons[Zero.type, T]): Aux[T, sc.Out] =
new ShiftLeft[T] {
type Out = sc.Out
def apply(n: T) = Zero safe_:: n
}
}
trait Succ[N <: Dense] extends DepFn1[N] { type Out <: Dense }
object Succ {
type Aux[N <: Dense, Out0 <: Dense] = Succ[N] { type Out = Out0 }
def apply[N <: Dense](implicit succ: Succ[N]): Aux[N, succ.Out] = succ
implicit val succ0: Aux[DNil, One.type :: DNil] =
new Succ[DNil] {
type Out = One.type :: DNil
def apply(DNil: DNil) = One :: DNil
}
implicit def succ1[T <: Dense]: Aux[Zero.type :: T, One.type :: T] =
new Succ[Zero.type :: T] {
type Out = One.type :: T
def apply(n: Zero.type :: T) = One :: n.tail
}
implicit def succ2[T <: Dense, S <: Dense]
(implicit ev: Aux[T, S], sl: ShiftLeft[S]): Aux[One.type :: T, sl.Out] =
new Succ[One.type :: T] {
type Out = sl.Out
def apply(n: One.type :: T) = n.tail.succ.shiftLeft
}
}
/* syntax */
val Cons = ::
implicit class DenseOps[N <: Dense](val n: N) extends AnyVal {
def ::[H <: Digit](h: H): H :: N = Cons(h, n)
def safe_::[H <: Digit](h: H)(implicit sc: SafeCons[H, N]): sc.Out = sc(h, n)
def succ(implicit s: Succ[N]): s.Out = s(n)
def digit(implicit c: IsDCons[N]): c.H = c.digit(n)
def tail(implicit c: IsDCons[N]): c.T = c.tail(n)
def shiftLeft(implicit sl: ShiftLeft[N]): sl.Out = sl(n)
}
/* aliases */
type _0 = DNil
val _0: _0 = DNil
val _1 = _0.succ
type _1 = _1.N
val _2 = _1.succ
type _2 = _2.N
/* test */
trait Induction[A <: Dense]
object Induction{
def apply[A <: Dense](a: A)(implicit r: Induction[A]) = r
implicit val r0 = new Induction[_0] {}
implicit def r1[A <: Dense](implicit r: Induction[A], s: Succ[A]) =
new Induction[s.Out]{}
}
Induction(_0)
Induction(_1)
Induction(_2) // <- Could not find implicit value for parameter r...
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这是一个有点不完整的答案,但希望它能让你摆脱困境......
我认为你的问题是这里的定义r1,
object Induction{
def apply[A <: Dense](a: A)(implicit r: Induction[A]) = r
implicit val r0 = new Induction[_0] {}
implicit def r1[A <: Dense](implicit r: Induction[A], s: Succ[A]) =
new Induction[s.Out]{}
}
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当您要求时,Induction(_2)您希望r1适用并被s.Out修复_2,这将驱动r1隐式参数块中从右到左的推理过程。
不幸的是这不会发生。首先,s.Out不会被修复,_2因为它不是类型变量。所以你至少必须将其重写为,
implicit def r1[A <: Dense, SO <: Dense]
(implicit r: Induction[A], s: Succ.Aux[A, SO]): Induction[SO] =
new Induction[SO]{}
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甚至r1适用。然而,这不会让您走得更远,因为SO仅仅被限制为等于...Out的类型成员,它在选择 的实例时s不起作用。我们无法从另一端取得任何进展,因为就类型检查器而言,此时完全不确定。SuccsA
所以恐怕你得重新考虑一下。我认为你最好的方法是定义一个Pred运算符,它允许你沿着这些思路定义一些东西,
implicit def r1[S <: Dense, PO <: Dense]
(implicit p: Pred.Aux[S, PO], r: Induction[PO]): Induction[S] =
new Induction[S]{}
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现在,当您要求Induction(_2) Swill 立即解决 as 时_2,Predfor 的实例_2将被解析,产生_1for的解决方案PO,该解决方案为类型检查器提供解决归纳的下一步所需的内容。
请注意,一般策略是从结果类型 ( Induction[S]) 开始修复初始类型变量,然后从左到右遍历隐式参数列表。
另请注意,我已将显式结果类型添加到隐式定义中:您几乎应该总是这样做(此规则很少有例外)。
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