Windows Server 2008：当网卡有多个地址时指定默认IP地址

Question

Windows Server 2008：当网卡有多个地址时指定默认IP地址

Céd*_*vin 23 networking windows-server-2008 nat nic ip-address

我有一个 Windows Server，它有大约 10 个静态绑定的 IP 地址。问题是我不知道如何指定默认 IP 地址。

有时，当我为 NIC 分配新地址时，默认 IP 地址会随着在 NIC 上高级 IP 配置中输入的最后一个 IP 发生变化。这会导致传出公共 IP 也发生变化（因为我使用 NAT）。

即使此问题当前存在于 Windows Server 2008 上。

绑定多个IP地址的网卡如何设置默认IP地址？

关于我的问题有更多的解释。

替代文字 http://www.nmediasolutions.com/_images/probleme/ip.png

这是输出ipconfig：

DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No
Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.49(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.51(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.52(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.53(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.54(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.55(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.56(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.57(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.58(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.59(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.60(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.61(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.62(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.64(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.65(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.66(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.67(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.68(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.70(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.71(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.100(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.108(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.109(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.112(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.63(Duplicate)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.99.1

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如果我做pathping有答案，第一个是 99.49，如果我的默认 IP 地址是 99.100

Tracing route to www.l.google.com [72.14.204.99]
over a maximum of 30 hops:
  0  Machine [192.168.99.49]

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机器上有路由表：

 Network Destination        Netmask          Gateway       Interface  Metric
              0.0.0.0          0.0.0.0     192.168.99.1    192.168.99.49    261
           10.10.10.0    255.255.255.0         On-link       10.10.10.10    261
          10.10.10.10  255.255.255.255         On-link       10.10.10.10    261
         10.10.10.255  255.255.255.255         On-link       10.10.10.10    261
         192.168.99.0    255.255.255.0         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.49  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.51  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.52  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.53  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.54  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.55  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.56  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.57  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.58  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.59  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.60  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.61  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.62  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.64  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.65  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.66  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.67  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.68  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.70  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
        192.168.99.71  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
       192.168.99.100  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
       192.168.99.108  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
       192.168.99.109  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
       192.168.99.112  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
       192.168.99.255  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
            224.0.0.0        240.0.0.0         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
            224.0.0.0        240.0.0.0         On-link       10.10.10.10    261
      255.255.255.255  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.49    261
      255.255.255.255  255.255.255.255         On-link       10.10.10.10    261

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我认为我的路线应该是这样的：

Network Destination        Netmask          Gateway       Interface  Metric
              0.0.0.0          0.0.0.0     192.168.99.1    **192.168.99.100**    261
           10.10.10.0    255.255.255.0         On-link       10.10.10.10    261
          10.10.10.10  255.255.255.255         On-link       10.10.10.10    261
         10.10.10.255  255.255.255.255         On-link       10.10.10.10    261
         192.168.99.0    255.255.255.0         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.49  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.51  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.52  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.53  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.54  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.55  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.56  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.57  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.58  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.59  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.60  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.61  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.62  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.64  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.65  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.66  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.67  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.68  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.70  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
        192.168.99.71  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
       192.168.99.100  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
       192.168.99.108  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
       192.168.99.109  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
       192.168.99.112  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
       192.168.99.255  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
            224.0.0.0        240.0.0.0         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
            224.0.0.0        240.0.0.0         On-link       10.10.10.10    261
      255.255.255.255  255.255.255.255         On-link     192.168.99.100    261
      255.255.255.255  255.255.255.255         On-link       10.10.10.10    261

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如何确定图像中使用的 IP 地址（假定为默认 IP 地址）将被我的服务器用作默认地址？

Answer 1

Pau*_*aul 11

使用 Server 2008 Service Pack 2（不是 R2）或 Vista SP2和 MS 修补程序 KB975808有一个解决方案，虽然有点笨拙。您将删除所有不想作为源的地址，然后使用命令行重新添加每个地址

Netsh int ipv4 add address <Interface Name> <ip address> skipassource=true

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此修补程序启用“跳过为源”标志。

如需更深入地了解不同 Windows 版本如何选择源 IP，请参阅此TechNet 博客文章。

Answer 2

小智 6

网络接口没有“默认 IP”之类的东西；相反，您的系统路由表定义了在与其他设备通信时应使用哪个逻辑接口。

听起来您想要做的是配置默认路由。这将导致这台机器发起的所有对话都是从特定 IP 进行的。

使用 route add 添加默认网关

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