从 Debian 10 Buster 升级到 Debian 11 Bullseye 安全更新 404 未找到

Question

推荐升级路径，TL;DR：

备份数据，然后

apt update
apt upgrade
apt dist-upgrade
reboot

还要禁用所有非主流包（如果有）。

然后为新发行版准备 APT：

sudo sed -i 's/buster/bullseye/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo sed -i 's/buster/bullseye/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*

第一个命令显示错误：

apt update
...
Err:6 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye/updates Release
  404  Not Found
Reading package lists... Done
E: The repository 'http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye/updates Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.

Answer 1

这是关于 Debian 11 存储库结构的更改。RTFM 需要时间，所以在这里补上答案：

对于 Debian bullseye，安全套件现在被命名为 bullseye-security，而不是代号/更新，用户在升级时应相应地调整其 APT 源列表文件。

因此再执行一条命令：

sed -i 's/bullseye\/updates/bullseye-security/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

现在 apt update 再次正常工作，您可以继续升级：

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade --without-new-pkgs
sudo apt full-upgrade
reboot

检查系统是否升级：

lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description:    Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)
Release:    11
Codename:   bullseye

成功重启后，您可以删除旧内核：

sudo apt purge linux-image-4.19*

另请查看日志文件，了解配置冲突或其他问题的错误消息。

问题列表在这里：https ://www.debian.org/releases/bullseye/amd64/release-notes/ch-information.html