如何测试从 Linux 到 Microsoft SQL Server 的连接？

Question

检查从 Linux 服务器（例如 Ubuntu 18.04）到远程 Microsoft SQL Server 2017 实例的连接的最简单方法是什么？

Answer 1

另一种简单的方法是从命令行使用nc( )：netcat

nc -zv YOUR_SERVER_NAME_OR_IP 1433

如果可以建立连接，您应该看到如下输出：

Connection to YOUR_SQL_SERVER_NAME_OR_IP 1433 port [tcp/ms-sql-s] succeeded!

失败时，您会收到不同的错误消息，具体取决于原因：

nc: getaddrinfo for host "NON_EXISTING_SQL_SERVER_NAME_OR_IP" port 1433: Name or service not known

或者可能...

nc: connect to YOUR_SQL_SERVER_NAME_OR_IP port 143 (tcp) failed: Connection timed out

从nc手册页来看，z选项v有：

     -z      Specifies that nc should just scan for listening daemons, without sending any
             data to them.  It is an error to use this option in conjunction with the -l
             option.
     -v      Have nc give more verbose output.

Answer 2

我认为最简单的方法是尝试从命令行 telnet 到 MS SQL 服务器：

$ telnet <server-name-or-ip> 1433

如果您的连接成功，屏幕将变为空白，否则您将看到类似“正在连接到服务器名称或 IP...无法打开与主机的连接，在端口 1433 上：连接失败”的内容。

Answer 3

在远程 Microsoft SQL Server 实例上：确保端口 TCP 1433 在防火墙中打开。

在 Ubuntu Server 实例上安装 mssql-tools，如下所述：https : //www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server/developer-get-started/php/ubuntu

sudo su
curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -
curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/prod.list > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list
exit
sudo apt-get update
sudo ACCEPT_EULA=Y apt-get install msodbcsql17 mssql-tools
echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
sudo apt-get install unixodbc-dev

然后，您可以运行测试查询 - 系统会提示您输入密码：

[user@lnx01 ~ $] sqlcmd -S <remoteip> -U <user> -p -Q "SELECT @@VERSION"
Password: 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Microsoft SQL Server 2017 (RTM) - 14.0.1000.169 (X64) 
    Aug 22 2017 17:04:49 
    Copyright (C) 2017 Microsoft Corporation
    Express Edition (64-bit) on Windows Server 2016 Standard 10.0 <X64> (Build 14393: )


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