`postconf -n` 时警告 `undefined parameter: mua_sender_restrictions`

Question

我的系统是centos 7。我正在根据这篇文章设置带有postfix、dovecot、mariadb的邮件服务器。
我的邮件服务器有问题，可以发送邮件但无法接收邮件。

然后我postconf -n，结果如下：

[root@server6328 log]# postconf -n
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_sender_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_client_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_helo_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_sender_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_client_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_helo_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: undefined parameter: virtual_mailbox_limit_maps
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
command_directory = /usr/sbin
config_directory = /etc/postfix
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
disable_vrfy_command = yes
dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
html_directory = no
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4
mail_owner = postfix
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix
manpage_directory = /usr/share/man
message_size_limit = 30720000
milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 6
mydestination = $myhostname,localhost.$mydomain,localhost,localhost.localdomain
myhostname = mail.mydomain.com
mynetworks = 127.0.0.1
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix
non_smtpd_milters = $smtpd_milters
proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $virtual_mailbox_limit_maps
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.10.1/README_FILES
sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.10.1/samples
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
setgid_group = postdrop
show_user_unknown_table_name = no
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtpd_helo_restrictions = reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname,reject_invalid_helo_hostname,reject_unknown_helo_hostname
smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:8891
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination,check_policy_service unix:private/policy-spf,reject_invalid_hostname,reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname,reject_non_fqdn_sender,reject_non_fqdn_recipient
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous, noplaintext
smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sender_restrictions = reject_non_fqdn_sender,reject_unknown_sender_domain,reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/pki/dovecot/certs/fullchain.cer
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/pki/dovecot/private/*.mydomain.com.key
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 0
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_use_tls = yes
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
virtual_alias_domains =
virtual_alias_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_forwardings.cf, mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_email2email.cf
virtual_gid_maps = static:1000
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
virtual_mailbox_domains = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_domains.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit = 209715200
virtual_mailbox_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_mailboxes.cf
virtual_transport = dovecot
virtual_uid_maps = static:1000
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: policy_time_limit=3600s
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: virtual_maildir_limit_message=Sorry, the maildir has overdrawn diskspace quota
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: virtual_maildir_extended=yes
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: virtual_create_maildirsize=yes
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: policy-spf_time_limit=3600

我注意到一些警告：

postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_sender_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_client_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_helo_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_sender_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_client_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_helo_restrictions
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: undefined parameter: virtual_mailbox_limit_maps

postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: policy_time_limit=3600s
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: virtual_maildir_limit_message=Sorry, the maildir has overdrawn diskspace quota
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: virtual_maildir_extended=yes
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: virtual_create_maildirsize=yes
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/main.cf: unused parameter: policy-spf_time_limit=3600

的有效部分/etc/postfix/master.cf是：

smtp      inet  n       -       n       -       -       smtpd
#smtp      inet  n       -       n       -       1       postscreen
#smtpd     pass  -       -       n       -       -       smtpd
#dnsblog   unix  -       -       n       -       0       dnsblog
#tlsproxy  unix  -       -       n       -       0       tlsproxy
submission inet n       -       n       -       -       smtpd
  -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
  -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
  -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
  -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
 -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
smtps     inet  n       -       n       -       -       smtpd
  -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
  -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
  -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
  -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
  -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628       inet  n       -       n       -       -       qmqpd
pickup    unix  n       -       n       60      1       pickup
cleanup   unix  n       -       n       -       0       cleanup
qmgr      unix  n       -       n       300     1       qmgr
#qmgr     unix  n       -       n       300     1       oqmgr
tlsmgr    unix  -       -       n       1000?   1       tlsmgr

dovecot   unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/libexec/dovecot/dovecot-lda -f ${sender} -d ${recipient}
policyd-spf  unix  -       n       n       -       0       spawn
  user=nobody argv=/usr/libexec/postfix/policyd-spf

这些警告的可能原因是什么？如何解决？

Answer 1

让我猜猜，您正在运行最新的 Postfix。是的，postfix 的 Postfix 维护者mua_client_restrictions以部分方式添加了配置文件...

https://github.com/vdukhovni/postfix/commit/99ff75430d5c908879caffc1125680ed68019021#diff-6f25157451e1bcb001a0a69267953486bR2中引入了“错误”

您可以向Victor，Postfix 维护者添加一行，以对默认的 Postfix 提供的文件进行部分介绍。Victor 还没有赶上 GitHub 文化，更不用说为 Postfix 维护 bugzilla，而是依赖于其他发行版特定的 bugzilla。

或者你可以自己修复它，使用这个StackExchange answer。

更新：或者我可以剪切-粘贴答案......

将以下内容添加到您的 /etc/postfix/main.cf 文件中。

smtpd_restriction_classes = mua_sender_restrictions, mua_client_restrictions, mua_helo_restrictions

mua_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, reject

mua_sender_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, reject

mua_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit

Answer 2

您的main.cf和master.cf配置不匹配。这可能是由于复制了本应放在一起但缺少一侧的配置示例造成的。

1. 当您在 master.cf 中更改 policyd-spf 的设置时，您调用了您的服务

   policyd-spf  unix  -       n       n       -       0       spawn
   

   但是随后main.cf您试图在没有d字母的情况下更改其配置：

   policy-spf_time_limit=3600
   

2. 然后你对smtpd_*_restrictions. 您指的是mua_*设置，但没有在任何地方定义这些设置。

   如果您将自定义限制列表添加到smtpd_restriction_classes，则可以$在限制设置的右侧跳过使用它们时，如果出现配置错误，这将为您提供更具可读性的错误消息：

   smtpd_restriction_classes = mua_sender_restrictions, mua_client_restrictions, 
                               mua_helo_restrictions, mua_sender_restrictions
   mua_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, reject
   ...
   

   然后在master.cf：

   smtps ..
     ..
     -o smtpd_client_restrictions=mua_client_restrictions
   

我强烈建议从一组新的库存配置开始，然后逐步添加您真正需要的更改。

运行 postconf 应该发出零警告。避免运行postconf已经告诉您配置的某些部分不起作用的系统。即使在postfix 中包含了许多保护措施，也很容易创建一个会被垃圾邮件发送者滥用的设置。