减少 Apache 进程数量

Jel*_*cle 7 web-server apache-2.2

我正在运行 Apache 2.2。我有 10 个apache进程正在运行,这对我有限的资源造成了负担。

我已经搜索了控制生成多少进程的配置选项,但我可以使用一些帮助。是吗MaxRequestWorkers?是吗ThreadsPerChild?还有别的事吗?(我的配置文件中似乎都没有设置。)

这是我的一个流程的示例apache

F S   UID   PID  PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR SZ WCHAN  TTY        TIME CMD
5 S    33 26099 25513  0  80   0 - 56951 poll_s ?          1:42 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
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编辑:

对不起。我运行的是 apache 2.2,而不是 2.4。

启用 mods 的列表:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Sep  5  2014 alias.conf -> ../mods-available/alias.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Sep  5  2014 alias.load -> ../mods-available/alias.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Sep  5  2014 auth_basic.load -> ../mods-available/auth_basic.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Sep  5  2014 authn_file.load -> ../mods-available/authn_file.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep  5  2014 authz_default.load -> ../mods-available/authz_default.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 38 Sep  5  2014 authz_groupfile.load -> ../mods-available/authz_groupfile.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Sep  5  2014 authz_host.load -> ../mods-available/authz_host.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Sep  5  2014 authz_user.load -> ../mods-available/authz_user.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Sep  5  2014 autoindex.conf -> ../mods-available/autoindex.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Sep  5  2014 autoindex.load -> ../mods-available/autoindex.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Sep  5  2014 cgi.load -> ../mods-available/cgi.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 Sep  5  2014 deflate.conf -> ../mods-available/deflate.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 Sep  5  2014 deflate.load -> ../mods-available/deflate.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Sep  5  2014 dir.conf -> ../mods-available/dir.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Sep  5  2014 dir.load -> ../mods-available/dir.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Sep  5  2014 env.load -> ../mods-available/env.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Sep  5  2014 mime.conf -> ../mods-available/mime.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Sep  5  2014 mime.load -> ../mods-available/mime.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Sep  5  2014 negotiation.conf -> ../mods-available/negotiation.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Sep  5  2014 negotiation.load -> ../mods-available/negotiation.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Sep 12  2014 passenger.conf -> ../mods-available/passenger.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Sep 12  2014 passenger.load -> ../mods-available/passenger.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Sep  5  2014 php5.conf -> ../mods-available/php5.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Sep  5  2014 php5.load -> ../mods-available/php5.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Sep  5  2014 reqtimeout.conf -> ../mods-available/reqtimeout.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Sep  5  2014 reqtimeout.load -> ../mods-available/reqtimeout.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 40 Sep 14  2014 rewrite.load -> /etc/apache2/mods-available/rewrite.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Sep  5  2014 setenvif.conf -> ../mods-available/setenvif.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Sep  5  2014 setenvif.load -> ../mods-available/setenvif.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Jun  7  2015 ssl.conf -> /etc/apache2/mods-available/ssl.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Jun  7  2015 ssl.load -> /etc/apache2/mods-available/ssl.load
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Sep  5  2014 status.conf -> ../mods-available/status.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Sep  5  2014 status.load -> ../mods-available/status.load
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Fre*_*ddy 9

这取决于您的 apache 使用的是哪个 mpm 模块(mpm_worker/mpm_prefork/mpm_event)。如果您不确定,请发布其输出,其中显示了StartServers/MinSpareServers/MaxSpareServersMaxRequestWorkers以及可能的ThreadsPerChildThreadLimitcat /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/mpm*.conf的数量。如果您的 Linux 发行版中的文件名应该不同,请发布您启用的模块的输出。ls -l /etc/apache2/mods-enabled

它应该看起来像这样并能自我解释(Debian,Apache2.4):

root@debian:/# cat /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/mpm*.conf
# prefork MPM
# StartServers: number of server processes to start
# MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxRequestWorkers: maximum number of server processes allowed to start
# MaxConnectionsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves

<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
    StartServers             5
    MinSpareServers       5
    MaxSpareServers      10

    # same as MaxClients in Apache 2.2
    MaxRequestWorkers     150
    MaxConnectionsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
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请参阅减少 Apache 内存使用和平均进程大小值

该文档说(如上面的链接所述):

您可以而且应该控制 MaxClients 设置,以便您的服务器不会生成过多的子进程以至于开始交换。执行此操作的过程很简单:通过 top 等工具查看进程列表,确定平均 Apache 进程的大小,并将其划分为总可用内存,为其他进程留出一些空间。 https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/misc/perf-tuning.html

例子:

Tasks: 207 total,   1 running, 206 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  2.4 us,  0.8 sy,  0.0 ni, 96.7 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
KiB Mem : 16307588 total, 14360744 free,  1188636 used,   758208 buff/cache
KiB Swap:        0 total,        0 free,        0 used. 14686936 avail Mem 

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                 
 6567 www-data  20   0  296028  15288   5616 S   0.0  0.1   0:00.07 apache2                                                                 
 6569 www-data  20   0  296040  15360   5676 S   0.0  0.1   0:00.08 apache2                                                                 
 6571 www-data  20   0  295996  15200   5676 S   0.0  0.1   0:00.07 apache2                                                                 
 6572 www-data  20   0  296028  15348   5676 S   0.0  0.1   0:00.08 apache2                                                                 
 6573 www-data  20   0  296040  15356   5676 S   0.0  0.1   0:00.07 apache2
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从上面的链接页面运行很酷的脚本给我:

root@debian:~# ps -ylC apache2 | awk '{x += $8;y += 1} END {print "Apache Memory Usage (MB): "x/1024; print "Average Process Size (MB): "x/((y-1)*1024)}'
Apache Memory Usage (MB): 100.711
Average Process Size (MB): 16.7852
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注意:“平均进程大小”是运行时的“RES”值top

为了确定MaxClients(又名MaxRequestWorkers),我需要计算:

Maxclients=X/Y where
   X=Max. Available Memory Reserved for Apache
   Y=Average Process Size
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