使用准备好的数据库方案创建 docker mysql 容器

Question

我想在 mysql 之上创建一个 docker 图像，该图像已经包含我的应用程序所需的方案。

我尝试向 Dockerfile 添加行，将我的方案作为 sql 文件导入。我是这样做的（我的 Dockerfile）：

FROM mysql

ENV MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="bagabu"
ENV MYSQL_DATABASE="imhere"

ADD imhere.sql /tmp/imhere.sql

RUN "mysql -u root --password="bagabu" imhere < /tmp/imhere.sql"

据我了解，这是行不通的，因为 mysql docker 映像不包含 mysql 客户端（最佳实践状态“不要添加东西只是因为它们会很好”）（我错了吗？）

这样做的好方法是什么？我想到了一些事情，但它们似乎都是凌乱的解决方法。

1. 安装 mysql 客户端，做我必须做的事情，然后删除/清除它。
2. 将 mysql 客户端二进制文件复制到映像中，执行我必须执行的操作，然后将其删除。
3. 在另一个 sql server 中创建架构并直接复制 db 文件本身（这看起来很混乱，对我来说听起来像是一个受污染的问题池）

有什么建议？希望以一种易于以后维护并且也可能符合最佳实践的方式？

Answer 1

为了测试目的，我必须这样做。

下面是我如何利用 dockerhub 上的实际 MySQL/MariaDB 图像和多阶段构建：

FROM mariadb:latest as builder

# That file does the DB initialization but also runs mysql daemon, by removing the last line it will only init
RUN ["sed", "-i", "s/exec \"$@\"/echo \"not running $@\"/", "/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh"]

# needed for intialization
ENV MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root

COPY setup.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/

# Need to change the datadir to something else that /var/lib/mysql because the parent docker file defines it as a volume.
# https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#volume :
#       Changing the volume from within the Dockerfile: If any build steps change the data within the volume after
#       it has been declared, those changes will be discarded.
RUN ["/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh", "mysqld", "--datadir", "/initialized-db", "--aria-log-dir-path", "/initialized-db"]

FROM mariadb:latest

COPY --from=builder /initialized-db /var/lib/mysql

完整的工作示例：https : //github.com/lindycoder/prepopulated-mysql-container-example

Answer 2

您应该将 init 脚本放在安装为的目录中/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d- 请参阅MySQL Docker 映像文档中的“初始化新实例”部分。

Answer 3

归功于@Martin Roy

对 mysql 进行了细微的更改...

内容 Dockerfile

FROM mysql:latest as builder

# That file does the DB initialization but also runs mysql daemon, by removing the last line it will only init
RUN ["sed", "-i", "s/exec \"$@\"/echo \"not running $@\"/", "/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh"]

# needed for intialization
ENV MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root

COPY setup.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/

# Need to change the datadir to something else that /var/lib/mysql because the parent docker file defines it as a volume.
# https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#volume :
#       Changing the volume from within the Dockerfile: If any build steps change the data within the volume after
#       it has been declared, those changes will be discarded.
RUN ["/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh", "mysqld", "--datadir", "/initialized-db"]

FROM mysql:latest

COPY --from=builder /initialized-db /var/lib/mysql

内容设置.sql

CREATE DATABASE myexample;

USE myexample;

CREATE TABLE mytable (myfield VARCHAR(20));

INSERT INTO mytable VALUES ('Hello'), ('Dolly');

完整的工作示例：https : //github.com/iamdvr/prepopulated-mysql-container-example