hoo*_*enz 13
您列出的这些范围在此RFC 1918 - 私有互联网的地址分配中进行了描述
标题透露了他们的用例: “......用于私有 Intranet”。
所有 IP 地址范围在技术上都是可路由的,包括 RFC 中列出的那些。但它们通常被称为不可路由的。那是因为它们并不意味着可从公共互联网路由或访问。即互联网上不存在这些范围的路由。
它们是为专用网络保留的。具有 RFC 1918 IP 范围的专用网络无需在 Internet 上发布这些专用网络路由即可到达公共 Internet 的方式是通过位于专用 Intranet 和执行网络地址转换或 NAT 的 Internet 之间的路由器。但那是另一个话题。
至于为什么你首先想要不可路由的地址?从 RFC 中提取的内容对此进行了解释。
One challenge is a concern within the community that globally unique
address space will be exhausted.
A separate and far more pressing concern is that the amount of
routing overhead will grow beyond the
capabilities of Internet Service Providers.
Efforts are in progress
within the community to find long term solutions to both of these
problems. Meanwhile it is necessary to revisit address allocation
procedures, and their impact on the Internet routing system.
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joe*_*rty 11
我想我将成为这一点的逆势。IMO,太多人在谈论全类 ip 寻址时会大惊小怪地试图纠正人们。RFC 1918 保留地址是从当时全类地址空间中划分出来的。事实上,我读过的关于 RFC 1918 地址的每篇文档都在它们的类完整名称中引用它们。我认为将 RFC 1918 地址称为 A 类、B 类等是完全可以接受的。
至于可路由/不可路由的辩论,我将发布(直接来自 RFC 1918):
Because private addresses have no global meaning, routing information
about private networks shall not be propagated on inter-enterprise
links, and packets with private source or destination addresses
should not be forwarded across such links. Routers in networks not
using private address space, especially those of Internet service
providers, are expected to be configured to reject (filter out)
routing information about private networks. If such a router receives
such information the rejection shall not be treated as a routing
protocol error.
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该描述完美而简洁地描述了 RFC 1918 地址的“不可路由”性质,因此,将它们称为不可路由的 IMO 是完全可以接受的。
我认为讨论这个问题花费了太多时间。如果有人将 RFC 1918 地址空间称为 A 类、B 类等,并将它们称为不可路由,那么我完全可以接受。我知道他们这么说是什么意思,其他人也应该如此。即使对于网络“菜鸟”,了解全类寻址、RFC 1918 地址空间以及 CIDR 也是深入了解网络的关键。
此外:
RFC 1918 使用 CIDR 和全类术语来引用这些私有地址范围,如下例所示:
We will refer to the first block as "24-bit block", the second as
"20-bit block", and to the third as "16-bit" block. Note that (in
pre-CIDR notation) the first block is nothing but a single class A
network number, while the second block is a set of 16 contiguous
class B network numbers, and third block is a set of 256 contiguous
class C network numbers.
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和
If a suitable subnetting scheme can be designed and is supported by
the equipment concerned, it is advisable to use the 24-bit block
(class A network) of private address space and make an addressing
plan with a good growth path. If subnetting is a problem, the 16-bit
block (class C networks), or the 20-bit block (class B networks) of
private address space can be used.
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我在 RFC 1918 中找不到任何声明更喜欢一个术语,如果 RFC 1918 对这两个术语的使用没有那么含糊,也许会更好,但它就是这样。我在这里唯一的观点是,我认为是时候停止在人们提到这些 IP 地址范围时使用“类”或“全类”这两个词来打击人们的头脑了。如果一个人了解 ip 寻址,那么当他们在讨论或文献/文档中遇到一个(或两个)术语时,他们就会理解这两个术语的用法。对于刚刚学习 ip 寻址的人来说,我认为对全类寻址有深刻的理解对理解一般的 ip 寻址大有帮助,并为理解无类寻址奠定了基础。
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