无法重新启动 nginx，bind() 失败（98：地址已在使用中）

Question

我知道这个主题以各种不同的形式存在，但我在解决我的问题时遇到了麻烦。如果我运行service nginx restart，nginx 会失败并显示以下日志：

2015/03/14 08:36:42 [emerg] 9400#0: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2015/03/14 08:36:42 [emerg] 9400#0: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2015/03/14 08:36:42 [emerg] 9400#0: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2015/03/14 08:36:42 [emerg] 9400#0: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2015/03/14 08:36:42 [emerg] 9400#0: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2015/03/14 08:36:42 [emerg] 9400#0: still could not bind()

我只有一个配置加载到sites-enabled. 当我运行时：

$ grep -slir "listen 80"
$ sites-available/default

它显示default配置有监听 80，但这应该无关紧要，因为它不在sites-enabled.

$ ps ax -o pid,ppid,%cpu,vsz,wchan,command|egrep '(nginx|PID)'
  PID  PPID %CPU    VSZ WCHAN  COMMAND
 9468     1  0.0  97188 sigsus nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx
 9471  9468  0.0  97328 ep_pol nginx: worker process
 9472  9468  0.0  97368 ep_pol nginx: worker process
 9693  9641  0.0   9448 pipe_w egrep --color=auto (nginx|PID)

这是netstat显示正在使用的端口：

$ netstat -tulpn

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1300/master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:443             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9468/nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:2812            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      5980/monit
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1174/mysqld
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:11211         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1155/memcached
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9468/nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1113/sshd
tcp6       0      0 :::25                   :::*                    LISTEN      1300/master
tcp6       0      0 :::9000                 :::*                    LISTEN      9106/hhvm
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1113/sshd
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:11211         0.0.0.0:*                           1155/memcached

这是我的完整配置sites-enabled（其中唯一的）：

server {
    listen                  443 ssl default_server;

    limit_conn              gulag 15;
    server_name             www.my-website.com;

    access_log              /home/my-website/logs/access.log;
    error_log               /home/my-website/logs/error.log info;

    root                    /home/my-website/web;
    index                   index.php index.html;

    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/my-website.com.chained.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/my-website.com.key;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers On;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS;

    include                 /etc/nginx/includes/my-website_redirects_https.inc;
    include                 /etc/nginx/includes/file_cache.inc;
    include                 /etc/nginx/includes/wordpress.inc;
}

server {
    listen                  80;
    server_name             my-website.com www.my-website.com;
    return                  301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen                  443;
    server_name             my-website.com;
    return                  301 https://www.$server_name$request_uri;
}

server {
    server_name
        some-other-website1.com         www.some-other-website1.com
        some-other-website2.com         www.some-other-website2.com
        some-other-website3.com         www.some-other-website3.com
        some-other-website4.com         www.some-other-website4.com
        some-other-website5.com         www.some-other-website5.com

    rewrite ^(.*)$ https://www.my-website.com/some/page/ permanent;
}

server {
    server_name
        some-other-website6.com         www.some-other-website6.com
        some-other-website7.com         www.some-other-website7.com
        some-other-website8.com         www.some-other-website8.com

    rewrite ^(.*)$ https://www.my-website.com/some/other/page/ permanent;
}

server {
    server_name     subdomain.my-website.com;

    rewrite ^(.*)$ https://some.otherwebsite.com/ permanent;
}

server {
    server_name
        some-other-website9.com         www.some-other-website9.com
        some-other-website10.com         www.some-other-website10.com
        some-other-website11.com         www.some-other-website11.com

    rewrite ^(.*)$  https://www.my-website.com/ permanent;
}

我想知道这个 bind() 错误是否因为我的配置而发生。任何想法我可能做错了什么？我正在使用 nginx/1.4.6 (Ubuntu)。任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

尝试停止 nginx：

service nginx stop

检查 nginx 仍在运行：

ps ax | grep nginx

如果仍在运行，请终止进程：

kill -p PID

检查nginx状态，不会运行：

ps ax | grep nginx

然后做一个干净的开始：

service nginx start

在同样的问题之后，这对我有用。

Answer 2

我有一个类似的问题。

这对我有用：
sudo fuser -k 80/tcp
然后：
service nginx restart

我不知道原因，但我的答案在这里找到：https : //easyengine.io/tutorials/nginx/troubleshooting/emerg-bind-failed-98-address-already-in-use/

此外，这里是此错误消息如何/何时出现的背景故事：https : //serverfault.com/a/939888/399723

Answer 3

根据您的netstat输出，nginx 本身仍在端口 80 上运行。

在尝试重新启动它之前，请验证您的配置nginx -t并修复错误。