如何增加 XFS 文件系统的大小？

Question

我刚刚创建了一个运行RHEL7以下命令的 Amazon AWS EC2 实例：

[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.0 (Maipo)
[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# 

即使我选择了10GB作为我的存储容量，无论出于何种原因，我只看到6GB可供我立即使用的容量：

[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# mount | grep xfs | grep -v selinux
/dev/xvda1 on / type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# df -h | grep xvda
/dev/xvda1      6.0G  2.2G  3.9G  37% /
[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/xvda

Disk /dev/xvda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0000b85c

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *        2048    12584959     6291456   83  Linux
[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# 

这就是我所做的：

[root@ip-10-164-175-246 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/xvda

Disk /dev/xvda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0000b85c

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *        2048    12584959     6291456   83  Linux
/dev/xvda2        12584960    20971519     4193280   83  Linux
[root@ip-10-164-175-246 ~]# xfs_growfs /
meta-data=/dev/xvda1             isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=393216 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1572864, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@ip-10-164-175-246 ~]# df -h | grep xvda
/dev/xvda1      6.0G  2.3G  3.8G  38% /
[root@ip-10-164-175-246 ~]# 

我的另一个在哪里4GB？我认为运行xfs_growfs /会增加我的xfs分区的大小。

我究竟做错了什么？

Answer 1

有趣的是，前几天我在 EC2 上发现我的 RHEL 实例只有 6GB 左右的 10GB 空间分配给它后，我就这样做了......

[root@ip-172-31-20-177 ~]# xfs_info /
meta-data=/dev/xvda1             isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=393216 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1572864, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

这里的问题是您创建了第二个分区。

相反，您应该调整第一个分区的大小。

所以，你会用fdisk删除第二个分区，然后删除并重新创建第一个分区在同一时间。该fdisk默认值将导致它填补了磁盘（和正确对齐）。

启动fdisk和删除分区：

[root@ip-172-31-20-177 ~]# fdisk /dev/xvda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/xvda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0000b85c

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *        2048    12584959     6291456   83  Linux

Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted

现在使用所有默认值重新创建分区，这将最大化其大小：

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): 
Using default value 20971519
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/xvda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0000b85c

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1            2048    20971519    10484736   83  Linux

保存新的分区表：

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

当您重新启动时，文件系统应该自动为您调整大小cloud-init。如果没有，您可以使用xfs_growfs /手动扩展文件系统。

[root@ip-172-31-20-177 ~]# xfs_info /
meta-data=/dev/xvda1             isize=256    agcount=7, agsize=393216 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2621184, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@ip-172-31-20-177 ~]# df
Filesystem     1K-blocks   Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1      10474496 818560   9655936   8% /