为什么以下bash
检查目录是否失败?
if [ ! -d "~/Desktop" ]; then
echo "DOES NOT EXIST"
exit 1;
fi
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~/Desktop
确实存在。顺便说一下,这是在 Mac 上。
问题在于这种类型的脚本
read -p "Provide the destination directory: " DESTINATION
if [ ! -d $DESTINATION ]; then
echo "\t'$DESTINATION' does not exist." >&2;
exit 1;
fi
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qua*_*nta 24
删除目录周围的双引号以查看它是否有效:
if [ ! -d ~/Desktop ]; then
echo "DOES NOT EXIST"
exit 1;
fi
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其原因是波浪号扩展仅在未引用时才有效。
info "(bash) Tilde Expansion"
3.5.2 Tilde Expansion
---------------------
If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`~'), all of the
characters up to the first unquoted slash (or all characters, if there
is no unquoted slash) are considered a TILDE-PREFIX. If none of the
characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the characters in the
tilde-prefix following the tilde are treated as a possible LOGIN NAME.
If this login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the
value of the `HOME' shell variable. If `HOME' is unset, the home
directory of the user executing the shell is substituted instead.
Otherwise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory
associated with the specified login name.
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小智 7
贾斯汀在他对量子回答的第一条评论中澄清了他的问题。他正在使用read
(或通过其他一些动态方式)阅读一行文本,并希望扩展波浪号。
问题变成了“如何对变量的内容执行波浪号扩展?”
一般的方法是使用eval
,但它带有一些重要的警告,即>
变量中的空格和输出重定向 ( )。以下似乎对我有用:
read -p "Provide the destination directory: " DESTINATION
if [ ! -d "`eval echo ${DESTINATION//>}`" ]; then
echo "'$DESTINATION' does not exist." >&2;
exit 1;
fi
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尝试使用以下每个输入:
~
~/existing_dir
~/existing dir with spaces
~/nonexistant_dir
~/nonexistant dir with spaces
~/string containing > redirection
~/string containing > redirection > again and >> again
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${mypath//>}
剔除>
这可能在揍一个文件中的字符eval
。 eval echo ...
是什么是实际的波浪线扩展eval
是为了支持带空格的文件名。作为对此的补充,您可以通过添加以下-e
选项来改进 UX :
read -p "Provide the destination directory: " -e DESTINATION
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现在,当用户输入波浪号并点击选项卡时,它会展开。然而,这种方法并不能取代上面的 eval 方法,因为只有在用户点击选项卡时才会发生扩展。如果他只是输入 ~/foo 并按回车键,它将保留为波浪号。
也可以看看: