什么是有用的 .screenrc 设置？

Question

基本上就像我在下面发布的一些我自己的一样。我正在寻找程序“屏幕”的附加功能。至少看看最后一行屏幕会话底部的一个很棒的“菜单栏”。

## gyaresu's .screenrc 2008-03-25
# http://delicious.com/search?p=screenrc

# Don't display the copyright page
startup_message off

# tab-completion flash in heading bar
vbell off

# keep scrollback n lines
defscrollback 1000

# Doesn't fix scrollback problem on xterm because if you scroll back
# all you see is the other terminals history.
# termcapinfo xterm|xterms|xs|rxvt ti@:te@

# These will let you use 
bind -c selectHighs 0 select 10 #these three commands are 
bind -c selectHighs 1 select 11 #added to the command-class
bind -c selectHighs 2 select 12 #selectHighs
bind -c selectHighs 3 select 13
bind -c selectHighs 4 select 14
bind -c selectHighs 5 select 15


bind - command -c selectHighs   #bind the hyphen to 
                                #command-class selectHighs 


screen -t rtorrent  0   rtorrent    
#screen -t tunes        1   ncmpc --host=192.168.1.4 --port=6600 #was for connecting to MPD music server.
screen -t stuff     1
screen -t irssi     2   irssi
screen -t dancing   4       
screen -t python    5   python
screen -t giantfriend   6   these_are_ssh_to_server_scripts.sh
screen -t computerrescue    7   these_are_ssh_to_server_scripts.sh
screen -t BMon      8   bmon -p eth0
screen -t htop      9   htop
screen -t hellanzb  10  hellanzb
screen -t watching  3   
#screen -t interactive.fiction  8
#screen -t hellahella   8   paster serve --daemon  /home/gyaresu/downloads/hellahella/hella.ini 

shelltitle "$ |bash"

# THIS IS THE PRETTY BIT
#change the hardstatus settings to give an window list at the bottom of the                                                                        
##screen, with the time and date and with the current window highlighted                                                                            
hardstatus             alwayslastline                                                                                                                          
#hardstatus string '%{= mK}%-Lw%{= KW}%50>%n%f* %t%{= mK}%+Lw%< %{= kG}%-=%D %d %M %Y %c:%s%{-}'
hardstatus string '%{= kG}[ %{G}%H %{g}][%= %{= kw}%?%-Lw%?%{r}(%{W}%n*%f%t%?(%u)%?%{r})%{w}%?%+Lw%?%?%= %{g}][%{B} %d/%m %{W}%c %{g}]'

Answer 1

对于那些想要一种不太神秘的方式来设置漂亮屏幕的人，我可以衷心推荐byobu（以前称为屏幕配置文件）。它在屏幕底部为您提供了一组很好的默认内容 - 底行包含各种方便的状态信息，底行的第二行包含您的屏幕窗口列表。所有这些都可以通过按 F9 在一个非常简单的 ncurses 菜单中进行配置。

功能键映射到常用操作：

• F2 - 创建一个新窗口
• F3 - 转到上一个窗口
• F4 - 转到下一个窗口
• F5 - 重新加载配置文件
• F6 - 从会话中分离
• F7 - 进入回滚模式
• F8 - 查看所有键绑定
• F9 - 配置屏幕配置文件
• F12 - 锁定此终端

有关教程和屏幕截图，请参阅本文。

Byobu 从 karmic (9.10) 开始就在 ubuntu 存储库中。在 jaunty 中，它被称为屏幕配置文件。在此之前，它可以从这个下载页面的这个 ppa安装。它也被广泛打包用于其他最新的发行版。

它确实依赖于 python，但是一旦你按照自己的喜好设置了 byobu，你就可以让它生成一个 tar 球，其中包含使用byobu-export在另一台计算机上重新创建屏幕所需的所有内容。

Answer 2

我还使用了一个相当复杂的标题/硬状态行组合，来模拟下拉选项卡的效果（标题行是纯灰色，硬状态中的当前选项卡是相同的颜色）。

我还有我的 shell 告诉屏幕当前进程名称是什么以及我在哪个目录中，所以我的选项卡名称与我在每个选项卡中所做的事情保持同步。这对于记住我在何处做什么而不必浏览所有打开的标签至关重要。

 # don't use the hardstatus line for system messages, use reverse video instead
 # (we'll be using it for the list of tab windows - see hardstatus alwayslastline
 # below)
 hardstatus off

 # use the caption line for the computer name, load, hstatus (as set by zsh), & time
 # the caption line gets repeated for each window being displayed (using :split),
 # so we'll use color cues to differentiate the caption of the current, active
 # window, and the others.
 #    always                  - display the caption continuously.  Since
 #                              hardstatus is 'alwayslastline', it will be on the
 #                              next to last line.
 #    "%?%F"                  - if (leading '%?') this region has focus ('%F') 
 #                              (e.g. it's the only region being displayed, or,
 #                              if in split-screen mode, it's the currently active
 #                              region)
 #      "%{= Kk}"               - set the colorscheme to blac[k] on grey (bright blac[K]),
 #                                with no other effects (standout, underline, etc.)
 #    "%:"                    - otherwise ('%:' between a pair of '%?'s)
 #      "%{=u kR}"              - set the colorscheme to [R]ed on blac[k], and
 #                                underline it, but no other effects (bold, standout, etc.) 
 #    "%?"                    - end if (trailing '%?')
 #    "  %h "                 - print two spaces, tthne the [h]ardstatus of the
 #                              current tab window (as set by zsh - see zshrc) and
 #                              then another space.
 #    "%-024="                - either pad (with spaces) or truncate the previous
 #                              text so that the rest of the caption string starts
 #                              24 characters ('024') from the right ('-') edge of
 #                              the caption line.
 #                              NOTE: omitting the '0' before the '24' would pad
 #                              or truncate the text so it would be 24% from the
 #                              right.
 #    "%{+b}                  - add ('+') [b]old to the current text effects, but
 #                              don't change the current colors.
 #    " %C:%s%a %D %d %M %Y"  - print the [C]urrent time, a colon, the [s]econds,
 #                              whether it's [a]m or pm, the [D]ay name, the [d]ay
 #                              of the month, the [M]onth, and the [Y]ear.
 #                              (this takes up 24 characters, so the previous
 #                              pad/truncate command makes sure the clock doesn't
 #                              get pushed off of the caption line)
 #    "%{= dd}"               - revert to the [d]efault background and [d]efault
 #                              foreground colors, respectively, with no ('= ')
 #                              other effects.
 #  other things that might be useful later are
 #    " %H"                   - print a space, then the [H]ostname.
 #    "(%{.K}%l%{-}):"        - print a '(', then change the text color to grey
 #                              (aka bright blac[K]), and print the current system
 #                              [l]oad.  Then revert to the previous colorscheme
 #                              ('%{-}') and print a close ')' and a colon.
 #                              NOTE: the load is only updated when some other
 #                              portion of the caption string needs to be changed
 #                              (like the seconds in the clock, or if there were a
 #                              backtick command)
 #    "%0`"                   - put the output of a backtick command in the line
 #    "%-024<"                - don't pad, just truncate if the string is past 24
 #                              characters from the right edge
 #    "%-="                   - pad (with spaces) the previous text text so that
 #                              the rest of the caption string is justified
 #                              against the right edge of the screen.
 #                              NOTE: doesn't appear to truncate previous text.
 caption always           "%?%F%{= Kk}%:%{=u kR}%?  %h %-024=%{+b} %C%a %D %d %M %Y%{= db}"
 # use the hardstatus line for the window list
 #    alwayslastline      - always display the hardstatus as the last line of the
 #                          terminal
 #    "%{= kR} %-Lw"      - change to a blac[k] background with bright [R]ed text,
 #                          and print all the tab [w]indow numbers and titles in
 #                          the [L]ong format (ie with flags) upto ('-') the
 #                          current tab window
 #    "%{=b Kk} %n%f %t " - change to grey (bright blac[K]) background with
 #                          [b]old blac[k] text, with no other effects, and print
 #                          the [n]umber of the current tab window, any [f]lags it
 #                          might have, and the [t]itle of the current tab window
 #                          (as set by zsh - see zshrc).
 #                          NOTE: the color match with the caption line makes it
 #                          appear as if a 'tab' is dropping down from the caption
 #                          line, highlighting the number & title of the current
 #                          tab window.  Nifty, ain't it)
 #    "%{-}%+Lw "         - revert to the previous color scheme (red on black)
 #                          and print all the tab [w]indow numbers and titles in
 #                          the [L]ong format (ie with flags) after ('+') the
 #                          current tab window.
 #    "%=%{= dd}"         - pad all the way to the right (since there is no text
 #                          that follows this) and revert to the [d]efault
 #                          background and [d]efault foreground colors, with no
 #                          ('= ') other effects.
 hardstatus alwayslastline "%{= kR} %-Lw%{=b Kk} %n%f %t %{-}%+Lw %=%{= dd}"

所以这是我的 zshrc 设置，用于告诉屏幕我在每个选项卡中正在做什么。

# ~/.zshrc
# if using GNU screen, let the zsh tell screen what the title and hardstatus
# of the tab window should be.
if [[ $TERM == "screen" ]]; then
  _GET_PATH='echo $PWD | sed "s/^\/Users\//~/;s/^~$USER/~/"'

  # use the current user as the prefix of the current tab title (since that's
  # fairly important, and I change it fairly often)
  TAB_TITLE_PREFIX='"`'$_GET_PATH' | sed "s:..*/::"`$PROMPT_CHAR"'
  # when at the shell prompt, show a truncated version of the current path (with
  # standard ~ replacement) as the rest of the title.
  TAB_TITLE_PROMPT='$SHELL:t'
  # when running a command, show the title of the command as the rest of the
  # title (truncate to drop the path to the command)
  TAB_TITLE_EXEC='$cmd[1]:t'

  # use the current path (with standard ~ replacement) in square brackets as the
  # prefix of the tab window hardstatus.
  TAB_HARDSTATUS_PREFIX='"[`'$_GET_PATH'`] "'
  # when at the shell prompt, use the shell name (truncated to remove the path to
  # the shell) as the rest of the title
  TAB_HARDSTATUS_PROMPT='$SHELL:t'
  # when running a command, show the command name and arguments as the rest of
  # the title
  TAB_HARDSTATUS_EXEC='$cmd'

  # tell GNU screen what the tab window title ($1) and the hardstatus($2) should be
  function screen_set()
  {
    # set the tab window title (%t) for screen
    print -nR $'\033k'$1$'\033'\\\

    # set hardstatus of tab window (%h) for screen
    print -nR $'\033]0;'$2$'\a'
  }
  # called by zsh before executing a command
  function preexec()
  {
    local -a cmd; cmd=(${(z)1}) # the command string
    eval "tab_title=$TAB_TITLE_PREFIX$TAB_TITLE_EXEC"
    eval "tab_hardstatus=$TAB_HARDSTATUS_PREFIX$TAB_HARDSTATUS_EXEC"
    screen_set $tab_title $tab_hardstatus
  }
  # called by zsh before showing the prompt
  function precmd()
  {
    eval "tab_title=$TAB_TITLE_PREFIX$TAB_TITLE_PROMPT"
    eval "tab_hardstatus=$TAB_HARDSTATUS_PREFIX$TAB_HARDSTATUS_PROMPT"
    screen_set $tab_title $tab_hardstatus
  }
fi

Answer 3

恕我直言，最有用的屏幕自定义是将修饰键更改为 Ca 以外的其他内容。这对于吃掉的键来说太重要了（在所有 readline 提示和 emacs 中转到行的开头）。我使用 Cz，因为与需要在行首编辑内容相比，我需要暂停应用程序的频率要低得多。

神奇的词是：

escape ^za

Answer 4

我经常有 10 多个窗口在运行，并且想要一种选择它们的方法。我发现了如何配置 Ca Shift+0 到 9 来选择窗口 10 到 19。

bind  ! select 11
bind  @ select 12
bind \# select 13
bind  $ select 14
bind  % select 15
bind \^ select 16
bind  & select 17
bind  * select 18
bind  ( select 19
bind  ) select 10

注意 # 和 ^ 上的转义符。

Answer 5

厌倦了像 vim 这样的全屏程序在关闭后仍留在回滚缓冲区中？如果它们像您不运行 screen 时那样完全消失，那不是很好吗？试着把它放在你的 ~/.screenrc 文件中...

altscreen on