Centos 专用服务器安全

Question

我们有干净的 CentOS 5.6 设置和 virtualmin，仅此而已。您建议什么样的安全步骤是合适的？

http://www.wiredtree.com/supportservices/servershield.php这个页面有一个很好的我认为的清单摘要。这些都需要做哪些步骤？或者你有更好的建议而不是那些安全强化：

（特别是ddos和蛮力攻击保护似乎是一个问题）

Firewall Protection:

    APF – Configure both ingress and egress firewall protection.
    BFD – Detect and prevent brute force attacks.
    CPHulk – Detect and prevent brute force attacks.

HTTP Intrusion and DOS Protection:

    Mod_security – Install and configure mod_security for Apache with auto-updating ruleset.
    Mod_evasive – Install and configure DOS, DDOS, and brute force detection and suppression for Apache.
    PHP SuHosin – PHP Hardening through the Hardened PHP Project. Available on request.

Server Hardening:

    Disable IP Source Routing – Enable protection against IP source route attacks.
    Disable ICMP Redirect Acceptance – Enable protection against ICMP redirect attacks.
    Enable syncookie protection – Enable protection against TCP Syn Flood attacks.
    Enable ICMP rate-limiting – Enable protection against ICMP flood attacks.
    Harden host.conf – Enable spoofing protection and protection against DNS poisoning attacks.
    Harden Apache – Prevent module and version disclosure information.
    Harden SSH – Allow only SSH version 2 connections.
    Harden Named – Enable protection against DNS recursion attacks.
    Ensure Filesystem Permissions – Fix permission on world writable directories and prevent against directory-transversal attacks.
    Harden temporary directory and shared memory locations – Enforce noexec, nosuid on tmp and shm mounts.
    Harden “fetching” utilities - Allows root-only access of wget, curl, and other utilties often used in web-based attacks.
    Remove unnecessary packages – removes RPMS which are not needed to prevent against potential vulnerabilities and free up disk space.
    Disable unused services – Disable services which are not used.
    Disable unneeded processes – Disable processes which are not needed for server operation.
    PAM Resource Hardening – Protects against exploits which use core dumps and against user resource exhausting through fork bombs and other shell attacks.
    PHP Hardening – Enable OpenBaseDir protection.

Security Audits:

    Rootkit Hunter – Nightly scan to detect system intrusions.
    Chkrootkit – Nightly scan to detect system intrusions.
    Nobody Process Scanner – Scans for unauthorized "nobody" processes.

Answer 1

这是一个范围广泛的问题，我的第一个回答可能听起来很粗鲁：

删除Virtualmin！

请不要误会，但点击几下就可以打开一些门直接指向最大的安全线：键盘和椅子之间的主题。

如果你想要一个安全的设置，你应该：

• 只安装，需要什么
• 只运行，什么是正确配置
• 检查所有软件的安全建议，您安装
• 如果您愿意，请始终检查软件文档的“偏执”部分。
• 尝试使用可能已安装的技术（apparmor，SELinux）

如果你有一个大的自动化安全堆栈，你根本不明白，你被黑客攻击的风险可能比小堆栈更大，你真的知道。

托管环境中最大的常见错误是 webapps 和 db(connection) 设置。照顾好Joomla和朋友，让你的数据库只在本地主机上听。始终尽可能限制性地使用设置。例如：避免使用 chmod 777，阅读您的日志。用nagios监控机器。偏执。

我真的很确定，您会在这里找到特定情况下的帮助。在许多情况下，“安全设置操作系统应用程序”会在您选择的搜索引擎上生成有用的搜索结果。