HP 接入点从不属于自己的 IP 发送多播数据包

Question

我不是我们的普通网络人...我刚刚被选中来帮助解决这个问题，所以请耐心等待。

我们有一个相当大的（约 4,000 台设备？）网络，主要由 HP Procurve 设备组成。在过去的几周里，我们不时遇到一些广播风暴，几乎阻止所有其他流量通过网络发送。我设置了 Wireshark 来做 5MB 的转储，今天早上我在行动中发现了其中的一些。

您可以下载抓包。乐趣从数据包#23968 开始。一个看似畸形的 NBNS 数据包会一遍又一遍地重复。然而，它不仅仅是一个直线循环。源 (143.226.8.185) 和目标 (143.226.44.79) IP 地址保持不变，但源 MAC 地址发生变化。第一个数据包似乎来自网络上的某个无关紧要的设备，并发送到多播地址 01:00:5e:7f:ff:fa。之后的所有数据包都来自我们 HP 无线接入点的 MAC 地址，并被发送到不同的多播地址 01:00:5e:62:2c:4f。

这是第一个数据包：

No.     Time        Source                Destination           Protocol Info
  23968 122.229240  143.226.8.185         143.226.44.79         NBNS     Unknown operation (10) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)[Malformed Packet]

Frame 23968 (1038 bytes on wire, 1038 bytes captured)
    Arrival Time: Sep 15, 2010 08:32:44.329966000
    [Time delta from previous captured frame: 0.004744000 seconds]
    [Time delta from previous displayed frame: 0.004744000 seconds]
    [Time since reference or first frame: 122.229240000 seconds]
    Frame Number: 23968
    Frame Length: 1038 bytes
    Capture Length: 1038 bytes
    [Frame is marked: True]
    [Protocols in frame: eth:ip:udp:nbns]
    [Coloring Rule Name: SMB]
    [Coloring Rule String: smb || nbss || nbns || nbipx || ipxsap || netbios]
Ethernet II, Src: IntelCor_d2:5e:6b (00:1f:3b:d2:5e:6b), Dst: IPv4mcast_7f:ff:fa (01:00:5e:7f:ff:fa)
    Destination: IPv4mcast_7f:ff:fa (01:00:5e:7f:ff:fa)
        Address: IPv4mcast_7f:ff:fa (01:00:5e:7f:ff:fa)
        .... ...1 .... .... .... .... = IG bit: Group address (multicast/broadcast)
        .... ..0. .... .... .... .... = LG bit: Globally unique address (factory default)
    Source: IntelCor_d2:5e:6b (00:1f:3b:d2:5e:6b)
        Address: IntelCor_d2:5e:6b (00:1f:3b:d2:5e:6b)
        .... ...0 .... .... .... .... = IG bit: Individual address (unicast)
        .... ..0. .... .... .... .... = LG bit: Globally unique address (factory default)
    Type: IP (0x0800)
    Trailer: 7773643D22687474703A2F2F736368656D61732E786D6C73...
    Frame check sequence: 0x6f70653e [incorrect, should be 0x30019938]
Internet Protocol, Src: 143.226.8.185 (143.226.8.185), Dst: 143.226.44.79 (143.226.44.79)
    Version: 4
    Header length: 20 bytes
    Differentiated Services Field: 0x00 (DSCP 0x00: Default; ECN: 0x00)
        0000 00.. = Differentiated Services Codepoint: Default (0x00)
        .... ..0. = ECN-Capable Transport (ECT): 0
        .... ...0 = ECN-CE: 0
    Total Length: 203
    Identification: 0x00d0 (208)
    Flags: 0x00
        0.. = Reserved bit: Not Set
        .0. = Don't fragment: Not Set
        ..0 = More fragments: Not Set
    Fragment offset: 0
    Time to live: 128
    Protocol: UDP (0x11)
    Header checksum: 0xe485 [correct]
        [Good: True]
        [Bad : False]
    Source: 143.226.8.185 (143.226.8.185)
    Destination: 143.226.44.79 (143.226.44.79)
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: netbios-ns (137), Dst Port: netbios-ns (137)
    Source port: netbios-ns (137)
    Destination port: netbios-ns (137)
    Length: 183
    Checksum: 0x01db [validation disabled]
        [Good Checksum: False]
        [Bad Checksum: False]
NetBIOS Name Service
    Transaction ID: 0x4d2d
    Flags: 0x5345 (Unknown operation)
        0... .... .... .... = Response: Message is a query
        .101 0... .... .... = Opcode: Unknown (10)
        .... ..1. .... .... = Truncated: Message is truncated
        .... ...1 .... .... = Recursion desired: Do query recursively
        .... .... ...0 .... = Broadcast: Not a broadcast packet
    Questions: 16722
    Answer RRs: 17224
    Authority RRs: 8234
    Additional RRs: 8264
    Queries
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (12081)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (12081)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (11631)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (11631)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (25701)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (25701)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (25914)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (25914)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (25970)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (25970)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (18273)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (18273)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (24953)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (24953)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (26979)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (26979)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (3338)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (3338)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (14882)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (14882)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (28730)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (28730)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (25455)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (25455)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (8717)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (8717)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (28513)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (28513)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (29287)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (29287)
[Malformed Packet: NBNS]
    [Expert Info (Error/Malformed): Malformed Packet (Exception occurred)]
        [Message: Malformed Packet (Exception occurred)]
        [Severity level: Error]
        [Group: Malformed]

这是下一个数据包：

No.     Time        Source                Destination           Protocol Info
  23969 122.229836  143.226.8.185         143.226.44.79         NBNS     Unknown operation (10) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding) unknown Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)[Malformed Packet]

Frame 23969 (217 bytes on wire, 217 bytes captured)
    Arrival Time: Sep 15, 2010 08:32:44.330562000
    [Time delta from previous captured frame: 0.000596000 seconds]
    [Time delta from previous displayed frame: 0.000596000 seconds]
    [Time since reference or first frame: 122.229836000 seconds]
    Frame Number: 23969
    Frame Length: 217 bytes
    Capture Length: 217 bytes
    [Frame is marked: True]
    [Protocols in frame: eth:ip:udp:nbns]
    [Coloring Rule Name: SMB]
    [Coloring Rule String: smb || nbss || nbns || nbipx || ipxsap || netbios]
Ethernet II, Src: HewlettP_05:de:da (00:17:a4:05:de:da), Dst: IPv4mcast_62:2c:4f (01:00:5e:62:2c:4f)
    Destination: IPv4mcast_62:2c:4f (01:00:5e:62:2c:4f)
        Address: IPv4mcast_62:2c:4f (01:00:5e:62:2c:4f)
        .... ...1 .... .... .... .... = IG bit: Group address (multicast/broadcast)
        .... ..0. .... .... .... .... = LG bit: Globally unique address (factory default)
    Source: HewlettP_05:de:da (00:17:a4:05:de:da)
        Address: HewlettP_05:de:da (00:17:a4:05:de:da)
        .... ...0 .... .... .... .... = IG bit: Individual address (unicast)
        .... ..0. .... .... .... .... = LG bit: Globally unique address (factory default)
    Type: IP (0x0800)
Internet Protocol, Src: 143.226.8.185 (143.226.8.185), Dst: 143.226.44.79 (143.226.44.79)
    Version: 4
    Header length: 20 bytes
    Differentiated Services Field: 0x00 (DSCP 0x00: Default; ECN: 0x00)
        0000 00.. = Differentiated Services Codepoint: Default (0x00)
        .... ..0. = ECN-Capable Transport (ECT): 0
        .... ...0 = ECN-CE: 0
    Total Length: 203
    Identification: 0x00d0 (208)
    Flags: 0x00
        0.. = Reserved bit: Not Set
        .0. = Don't fragment: Not Set
        ..0 = More fragments: Not Set
    Fragment offset: 0
    Time to live: 127
    Protocol: UDP (0x11)
    Header checksum: 0xe585 [correct]
        [Good: True]
        [Bad : False]
    Source: 143.226.8.185 (143.226.8.185)
    Destination: 143.226.44.79 (143.226.44.79)
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: netbios-ns (137), Dst Port: netbios-ns (137)
    Source port: netbios-ns (137)
    Destination port: netbios-ns (137)
    Length: 183
    Checksum: 0x01db [validation disabled]
        [Good Checksum: False]
        [Bad Checksum: False]
NetBIOS Name Service
    Transaction ID: 0x4d2d
    Flags: 0x5345 (Unknown operation)
        0... .... .... .... = Response: Message is a query
        .101 0... .... .... = Opcode: Unknown (10)
        .... ..1. .... .... = Truncated: Message is truncated
        .... ...1 .... .... = Recursion desired: Do query recursively
        .... .... ...0 .... = Broadcast: Not a broadcast packet
    Questions: 16722
    Answer RRs: 17224
    Authority RRs: 8234
    Additional RRs: 8264
    Queries
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (12081)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (12081)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (11631)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (11631)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (25701)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (25701)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (25914)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (25914)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (25970)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (25970)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (18273)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (18273)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (24953)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (24953)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (26979)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (26979)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (3338)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (3338)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (14882)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (14882)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (28730)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (28730)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (25455)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (25455)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (8717)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (8717)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (28513)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (28513)
        Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding): type unknown, class Unknown (29287)
            Name: Illegal NetBIOS name (1st character not between A and Z in first-level encoding)
            Type: unknown
            Class: Unknown (29287)
[Malformed Packet: NBNS]
    [Expert Info (Error/Malformed): Malformed Packet (Exception occurred)]
        [Message: Malformed Packet (Exception occurred)]
        [Severity level: Error]
        [Group: Malformed]

疯了吧？如果您查看数据包捕获，您会看到该数据包的大部分内容在该点之后重复。在那之后，它继续下去，进入更多的文件。

如果这是一个循环，那么为什么只有我们的 AP 会发送这个数据包？这些 AP 分散在我们校园的各个角落。

关于我们网络的更多信息......一切都是平坦的。直通以太网通向一切，我们有一个 B 类 IP 块。没有子网。我们的网络和 WAN 连接之间有一个数据包整形器、防火墙和路由器。

最后，如果你看到这篇文章并且觉得它很熟悉，那是因为我过去发布过一个类似的问题，我们仍然没有解决，但最近没有看到。这可以在发送多播 ping 请求的 HP 交换机上找到。

非常感谢您的时间！

编辑：数据包 23968 被确认是这次多播风暴的触发器。我已经将那个数据包重放到我们的网络中并再次启动它。

编辑/更新：做一些更多的实验。我已将我们的一个 HP 接入点直接插入我的 PC。没有其他附加到该段。如果我重播导致 AP 出现问题的初始数据包，AP 会回复一次。如果我将 AP 的回复重播回 AP，它会再次回复。每次这样做时，TTL 都会降低。这里发生的事情是网络上的 AP 最初听到来自主机的损坏的多播数据包，并通过多播回复它。每个 AP 都会听到所有其他 AP 的这些回复，并回复它们。每个 AP 听到所有对回复的回复并对其进行回复。幸运的是，它每次都会降低 TTL，因此只要 TTL 达到 0，风暴就会消失，并且数据包被杀死。现在我需要做的就是弄清楚如何阻止这种行为！

我面前的 AP 是 HP Procruve 420 J8130B。

编辑（已解决！）： 在尝试了看似所有 AP 上的配置设置后，我仍然无法阻止它重新传输这些多播数据包。我发现我们的固件不是最新的，所以我尝试升级，但问题仍然存在。然后我尝试从 2006 年 11 月 29 日降级到 2.1.7 版本。这个固件没有问题！运行 2.1.7 的 AP 不会重新传输数据包！！！我还在等待弄清楚垃圾数据最初是如何进入网络的，但现在问题已经解决了。我们正在向 HP 提交错误报告。

Answer 1

首先也是最重要的，那些不是 NBNS 数据包，它们实际上是尝试搜索“Internet 网关设备”启用设备的通用即插即用数据包。UPNP-IGD 使用 IPv4 组播来定位此类边缘设备。协议，就像它一样，说应该只有一个。赠品在数据包有效载荷中：

M-SEARCH * HTTP/1.1
主持人：239.255.255.250:1900
ST:urn:schemas-upnp-org:device:InternetGatewayDevice:1
男人：“ssdp：发现”
MX:3

.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" xmlns:

某些应用程序使用 IGD 来告诉消费者 NAT 网关如何处理某些协议的 NAT 穿越。IM 应用程序等。您可以通过告诉 Wireshark 将 UDP/137 解码为 HTTP 以进行捕获，从而使 Wireshark 显示效果更好。

现在，为什么这会导致多播风暴是一个大问题。在风暴来袭之前，您会收到相同类型的数据包，但它们正确地被发送到 239.255.255.250:1900。实际上，数据包 23955 来自在 23968 中发起风暴的同一设备。然而，数据包 23968 显示相同的目标 MAC 地址（一个表示 IPv4 多播），但目标 IP 地址位于您的 /16 块中，不应多播。

数据包 23604 也非常畸形。它有一个有效的以太网报头，但 IP 报头奇怪地被截断并以我上面引用的同一个 UPNP-IGD 字符串结尾。发出这个奇怪的、奇怪的数据包的设备与引发多播风暴的数据包 23968 是同一个设备（好吧，无论如何来自相同的 MAC 地址）。

在这一点上，我最好的赌注是 00:1F:3B:D2:5E:6D 处的设备以某种方式被灌输，或者只是没有正确处理这些 UPNP 搜索请求。数据包 24717 显示了另一个发送到 239.255.255.250:3702 的 M-SEARCH 请求，该请求也来自同一设备。正确的 IP 地址，错误的端口（应该是 1900）。

我的猜测是，多播风暴是由一个单播 IP 地址和多播 MAC 地址到达的数据包引发的，而您的网络设备没有正确处理该无效情况。这是暗示性的，因为初始数据包之后的数据包都声称来自同一 IP (143.226.8.185)，但 MAC 地址都不同。您有一个坏设备，它设法在您的网络设备的多播/单播处理中找到了一个错误。