在 SQL Server 中执行 FIZZBUZZ 测试的最有效方法是什么？

Question

在 SQL Server 中执行 FIZZBUZZ 测试的最有效方法是什么？

是否有更有效的方法来获得从 1 到 49 的数字列表，其中一列包含单词，FIZZ当数字可以被 3 整除BUZZ时，当数字可以被 5 整除FIZZBUZZ时，当数字可以被均分时由两个3和5？

我的尝试是（注意，这会清空您的过程缓存，所以不要在生产箱上运行）：

DBCC FREEPROCCACHE
GO
/*VARIANT1*/
;WITH t AS (
    SELECT RowNum = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o.object_id)
    FROM sys.objects o
)
SELECT t.RowNum
    , CASE WHEN ((t.RowNum % 3) + (t.RowNum % 5)) = 0  THEN 'FIZZBUZZ' 
    ELSE 
        CASE WHEN t.RowNum % 3 = 0 THEN 'FIZZ' 
        ELSE 
            CASE WHEN t.RowNum % 5 = 0 THEN 'BUZZ' 
            ELSE '' 
            END 
        END 
    END
FROM t
WHERE t.RowNum < 50;
GO 100

/*VARIANT2*/
DECLARE @t TABLE
(
    Num INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
);
INSERT INTO @t (Num)
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o.object_id)
FROM sys.objects o;

SELECT t.Num
    , CASE WHEN ((t.Num % 3) + (t.Num % 5)) = 0  THEN 'FIZZBUZZ' 
    ELSE 
        CASE WHEN t.Num % 3 = 0 THEN 'FIZZ' 
        ELSE 
            CASE WHEN t.Num % 5 = 0 THEN 'BUZZ' 
            ELSE '' 
            END 
        END 
    END
FROM @t t
WHERE t.Num < 50;
GO 100

SELECT CASE WHEN dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT1*/%' THEN 'VARIANT1' ELSE 'VARIANT2' END
    , MAX(deqs.execution_count)
    , SUM(deqs.total_worker_time)
    , AvgWorkerTime = SUM(deqs.total_worker_time) / MAX(deqs.execution_count)
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats deqs
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(deqs.sql_handle) dest
WHERE (dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT1*/%'
    OR dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT2*/%')
    AND dest.text NOT LIKE '%/*NOT_ME!*/%'
GROUP BY CASE WHEN dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT1*/%' THEN 'VARIANT1' ELSE 'VARIANT2' END
ORDER BY CASE WHEN dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT1*/%' THEN 'VARIANT1' ELSE 'VARIANT2' END
/*NOT_ME!*/;

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我修改了每组语句运行 100 次的尝试，然后显示 SQL Server 通过sys.dm_exec_query_stats.

结果：

            Runs    total_time      average time
VARIANT1    100     42533           425
VARIANT2    100     138677          1386

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Answer 1

Pau*_*ite 15

使用 SQL Server 2014 内存优化表和本机编译过程：

-- Setup
CREATE DATABASE InMem;
GO
ALTER DATABASE InMem
ADD FILEGROUP FG1
CONTAINS MEMORY_OPTIMIZED_DATA;
GO
ALTER DATABASE InMem
ADD FILE 
(
    NAME = 'FN1', 
    -- Change to suit your system
    FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL12.SQL2014\MSSQL\DATA\FN1.mod'
)
TO FILEGROUP FG1;
GO
USE InMem;
GO
CREATE TYPE dbo.FizzBuzzTableType AS TABLE 
(
    n integer NOT NULL INDEX i,
    FizzBuzz varchar(8) NOT NULL
) WITH (MEMORY_OPTIMIZED = ON);
GO

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本地程序：

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.FizzBuzz
WITH 
    NATIVE_COMPILATION, 
    SCHEMABINDING, 
    EXECUTE AS OWNER
AS
BEGIN ATOMIC 
WITH 
(
    TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL = SNAPSHOT, 
    LANGUAGE = N'english'
)   
    DECLARE @n AS dbo.FizzBuzzTableType;

    DECLARE @i integer = 1;
    WHILE @i < 50
    BEGIN
        IF @i % 15 = 0
        BEGIN
            INSERT @n (n, FizzBuzz) 
            VALUES (@i, 'FizzBuzz')
        END
        ELSE 
        BEGIN
            IF @i % 3 = 0
            BEGIN
                INSERT @n (n, FizzBuzz)
                VALUES (@i, 'Fizz')
            END
            ELSE 
            BEGIN
                IF @i % 5 = 0
                BEGIN
                    INSERT @n (n, FizzBuzz) 
                    VALUES (@i, 'Buzz')
                END
                ELSE
                BEGIN
                    INSERT @n (n, FizzBuzz) 
                    VALUES (@i, CONVERT(varchar(8), @i));
                END;
            END;
        END;

        SET @i += 1;
    END;

    SELECT
        N.n, 
        N.FizzBuzz
    FROM @n AS N
    ORDER BY
        N.n;
END;

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测试：

SET NOCOUNT ON;
PRINT SYSUTCDATETIME();
GO
DECLARE @T AS dbo.FizzBuzzTableType;

INSERT @T (n, FizzBuzz)
EXECUTE dbo.FizzBuzz;
GO 100

PRINT SYSUTCDATETIME();

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典型结果：

-- 95ms for 100 iterations, < 1ms each
2014-12-31 10:07:13.7993355
Beginning execution loop
Batch execution completed 100 times.
2014-12-31 10:07:13.8943409

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这会将过程输出写入内存表变量，否则我们只是测试在 SSMS 中显示结果的速度。

一百万行

上述本机程序在 1,000,000 个号码上运行大约需要12 秒。在 T-SQL 中有各种更快的方法来做同样的事情。我之前写过的一篇如下。当实现预期的并行计划时，它在我的笔记本电脑上运行大约500 毫秒，以百万行运行：

IF  OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#Result', N'U') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #Result;

IF  OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#Thousand', N'U') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #Thousand;

SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @start datetime2(7) = SYSUTCDATETIME();

CREATE TABLE #Thousand 
(
    n integer NOT NULL,

    CONSTRAINT PK_#Thousand
    PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (n)
);

-- Add 1,000 rows numbered 0-999 to #Thousand
WITH 
    L1 (n) AS
(
    SELECT  V.n
    FROM    
    (
        VALUES  (0), (1), (2), (3), (4),
                (5), (6), (7), (8), (9)
    ) AS V (n)
),
    Thousand AS
(
    SELECT  n = 
        CONVERT
        (
            integer,
            ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
            ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))
            - 1
        )
    FROM L1
    CROSS JOIN L1 AS L2
    CROSS JOIN L1 AS L3
)
INSERT #Thousand (n)
SELECT n
FROM Thousand;

-- To hold the Fizz Buzz output
CREATE TABLE #Result 
(
    n integer NOT NULL, 
    result varchar(8) NOT NULL
);

INSERT #Result
SELECT 
    Million.n, 
    Million.result
FROM
(
    -- Modulo operation to encourage few outer rows parallelism
    SELECT  n
    FROM    #Thousand
    WHERE   n % 1 = 0
) AS T1
-- Outer Apply to keep the Compute Scalar parallel
OUTER APPLY
(
    SELECT
        F2.n, 
        F2.result
    FROM #Thousand AS T2
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        -- Row numbers 1 to 1,000,000
        SELECT  (T1.n * 1000) + T2.n + 1
    ) AS F1 (n)
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        -- The Fizz Buzz bit
        SELECT
            F1.n,
            result =
                CASE 
                    WHEN F1.n % 15 = 0 THEN 'FizzBuzz'
                    WHEN F1.n % 3 = 0 THEN 'Buzz'
                    WHEN F1.n % 5 = 0 THEN 'Fizz'
                    ELSE CONVERT(varchar(8), F1.n)
                END
    ) AS F2
) AS Million
OPTION  (MAXDOP 4, QUERYTRACEON 9481);

PRINT DATEDIFF(MILLISECOND, @start, SYSUTCDATETIME());

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不。碰巧的是，外部应用有时可以帮助防止计算标量移出并行区域。完全没有记录，可以改变任何一天等。 (3认同)

Answer 2

JNK*_*JNK 11

这个在我的机器上与你的第一个（0ms）运行相同。我不确定它是否会更快地扩展。

;WITH t AS (
    SELECT RowNum = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o.object_id)
    FROM sys.objects o
)
SELECT t.RowNum
    , Cxa.Fizz + CxB.Buzz
FROM t
CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN t.RowNum % 3 = 0 THEN 'FIZZ' ELSE '' END) CxA(Fizz)
CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN t.RowNum % 5 = 0 THEN 'BUZZ' ELSE '' END) CxB(Buzz)
WHERE t.RowNum < 50;

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Answer 3

Rob*_*vis 10

我想出的最佳版本在我的机器上运行 30 毫秒：

WITH t AS (
    SELECT 1 As RowNum
    Union ALL
    Select RowNum + 1
    From t
    Where RowNum < 49
)
SELECT t.RowNum
, SubString('FIZZ', (t.RowNum % 3)*10, 5) + SubString('BUZZ', (t.RowNum % 5)*10, 5)
FROM t;

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Answer 4

小智 6

根据 sqlfiddle.com 这需要 7 毫秒：

select coalesce(fizz + buzz, fizz, buzz, cast(n as varchar)) as FizzBuzz
  from (
    select n0 + 3 * n3 + 9 * n9 + 27 * n27 + 81 * n81 as n
        from
            (select 0 as n0  union all select 1 union all select 2 as n0)  as n0,
            (select 0 as n3  union all select 1 union all select 2 as n3)  as n3,
            (select 0 as n9  union all select 1 union all select 2 as n9)  as n9,
            (select 0 as n27 union all select 1 union all select 2 as n27) as n27,
            (select 0 as n81 union all select 1                    as n81) as n81
  ) as stupidalias1
  left outer join
    (select 3 as fizzstep, 'Fizz' as fizz) as stupidalias2 on n % fizzstep = 0
  left outer join
    (select 5 as buzzstep, 'Buzz' as buzz) as stupidalias3 on n % buzzstep = 0
  where n between 1 and 100
  order by n;

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不使用任何表、存储过程或 CTE。

Answer 5

wBo*_*Bob 6

我得到了一个合理版本的本地编译存储过程，可以在大约 500-800 毫秒内处理 100 万行。这是T-SQL转换我做的按位algorithim从这里从亚当Machanic对位运算博客有点帮助在这里。

我（希望）遵循与@PaulWhite 的 500ms/100 万行 proc 相同的规则，即生成结果但不显示它们/不将它们作为计时的一部分传递。它必须是内存表上的哈希索引，以实现速度和 4,194,304 或 8,388,608 的存储桶大小，这对我来说似乎是最佳选择，尽管显然这会产生很高的空存储桶计数。

USE hekatondb
GO

--NB: SQLCMD script, Enable via: Query menu > SQLCMD Mode
:setvar bucketCount 4194304
--:setvar bucketCount 8388608

IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.usp_hekatonFizzBuzz') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROC dbo.usp_hekatonFizzBuzz 
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.FizzBuzz') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.FizzBuzz
GO


IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.FizzBuzz') IS NULL
CREATE TABLE dbo.FizzBuzz (
    Number      INT NOT NULL,
    Result      VARCHAR(8) NULL,

    CONSTRAINT PK_FizzBuzz PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED HASH ( Number ) WITH ( BUCKET_COUNT = $(bucketCount) )

) WITH ( MEMORY_OPTIMIZED = ON, DURABILITY = SCHEMA_ONLY )
GO


CREATE PROC dbo.usp_hekatonFizzBuzz 

    @limit  INT

WITH
    NATIVE_COMPILATION, 
    SCHEMABINDING, 
    EXECUTE AS OWNER
AS
BEGIN ATOMIC
WITH
(
    TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL = SNAPSHOT, 
    LANGUAGE = N'english'
)   

    DECLARE @acc INT = 810092048    -- 11 00 00 01 00 10 01 00 00 01 10 00 01 00 00
    DECLARE @i INT = 1
    DECLARE @c INT

    WHILE @i <= @limit
    BEGIN 

        SELECT
            @c = @acc & 3,
            @acc = ( @acc / 4 ) | ( @c * 268435456 )

        INSERT dbo.FizzBuzz ( Number, Result )
        SELECT @i, SUBSTRING( '       Fizz    Buzz    FizzBuzz', @c * 8, @c * 4 )

        SET @i += 1

    END

END
GO

DELETE dbo.FizzBuzz
DECLARE @startDate DATETIME2 = SYSUTCDATETIME();

EXEC dbo.usp_hekatonFizzBuzz 1000000

SELECT DATEDIFF( millisecond, @startDate, SYSUTCDATETIME() ) diff
GO 10

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Answer 6

Jam*_*son 5

我发现并使用了这个没有 CTE 的单子选择。查询统计信息中的 max_elapsed_time 显示 1036

 SELECT num,
        CASE    WHEN mod3 + mod5 = 0 THEN 'FizzBuzz'
                WHEN mod5 = 0 THEN 'Buzz'
                WHEN mod3 = 0 THEN 'Fizz'
                ELSE CONVERT(VARCHAR(8), num)
        END
 FROM 
 (
    SELECT  number as num,
            number % 3 AS mod3,
            number % 5 AS mod5
    FROM    master.dbo.spt_values
    WHERE   name IS NULL
            AND number BETWEEN 1 AND 101
 ) AS numbers;

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Answer 7

Joe*_*ish 2

下面是一个 T-SQL 解决方案，它将前一百万个数字写入临时表。在我的机器上大约需要 84 毫秒。关键瓶颈是等待NESTING_TRANSACTION_FULL锁存器和CXPACKET，这两个瓶颈除了更改之外我不知道如何解决MAXDOP。我想要一个可以利用并行嵌套循环和基于需求的并行性的查询计划，这是我设法得到的：

代码有点长。简而言之，我将两个 246 行和 271 行的派生表连接在一起，总共 66666 行。这些行连接到一个 15 行派生表，该表利用了每 15 行重复一次 FIZZBUZZ 模式这一事实。最后十行添加了UNION ALL.

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS #t;

SELECT res.fizzbuzz INTO #t
FROM
(
VALUES
(0),
(15),
(30),
(45),
(60),
(75),
(90),
(105),
(120),
(135),
(150),
(165),
(180),
(195),
(210),
(225),
(240),
(255),
(270),
(285),
(300),
(315),
(330),
(345),
(360),
(375),
(390),
(405),
(420),
(435),
(450),
(465),
(480),
(495),
(510),
(525),
(540),
(555),
(570),
(585),
(600),
(615),
(630),
(645),
(660),
(675),
(690),
(705),
(720),
(735),
(750),
(765),
(780),
(795),
(810),
(825),
(840),
(855),
(870),
(885),
(900),
(915),
(930),
(945),
(960),
(975),
(990),
(1005),
(1020),
(1035),
(1050),
(1065),
(1080),
(1095),
(1110),
(1125),
(1140),
(1155),
(1170),
(1185),
(1200),
(1215),
(1230),
(1245),
(1260),
(1275),
(1290),
(1305),
(1320),
(1335),
(1350),
(1365),
(1380),
(1395),
(1410),
(1425),
(1440),
(1455),
(1470),
(1485),
(1500),
(1515),
(1530),
(1545),
(1560),
(1575),
(1590),
(1605),
(1620),
(1635),
(1650),
(1665),
(1680),
(1695),
(1710),
(1725),
(1740),
(1755),
(1770),
(1785),
(1800),
(1815),
(1830),
(1845),
(1860),
(1875),
(1890),
(1905),
(1920),
(1935),
(1950),
(1965),
(1980),
(1995),
(2010),
(2025),
(2040),
(2055),
(2070),
(2085),
(2100),
(2115),
(2130),
(2145),
(2160),
(2175),
(2190),
(2205),
(2220),
(2235),
(2250),
(2265),
(2280),
(2295),
(2310),
(2325),
(2340),
(2355),
(2370),
(2385),
(2400),
(2415),
(2430),
(2445),
(2460),
(2475),
(2490),
(2505),
(2520),
(2535),
(2550),
(2565),
(2580),
(2595),
(2610),
(2625),
(2640),
(2655),
(2670),
(2685),
(2700),
(2715),
(2730),
(2745),
(2760),
(2775),
(2790),
(2805),
(2820),
(2835),
(2850),
(2865),
(2880),
(2895),
(2910),
(2925),
(2940),
(2955),
(2970),
(2985),
(3000),
(3015),
(3030),
(3045),
(3060),
(3075),
(3090),
(3105),
(3120),
(3135),
(3150),
(3165),
(3180),
(3195),
(3210),
(3225),
(3240),
(3255),
(3270),
(3285),
(3300),
(3315),
(3330),
(3345),
(3360),
(3375),
(3390),
(3405),
(3420),
(3435),
(3450),
(3465),
(3480),
(3495),
(3510),
(3525),
(3540),
(3555),
(3570),
(3585),
(3600),
(3615),
(3630),
(3645),
(3660),
(3675)
) v246 (n)
CROSS JOIN 
(
VALUES
(0),
(15),
(30),
(45),
(60),
(75),
(90),
(105),
(120),
(135),
(150),
(165),
(180),
(195),
(210),
(225),
(240),
(255),
(270),
(285),
(300),
(315),
(330),
(345),
(360),
(375),
(390),
(405),
(420),
(435),
(450),
(465),
(480),
(495),
(510),
(525),
(540),
(555),
(570),
(585),
(600),
(615),
(630),
(645),
(660),
(675),
(690),
(705),
(720),
(735),
(750),
(765),
(780),
(795),
(810),
(825),
(840),
(855),
(870),
(885),
(900),
(915),
(930),
(945),
(960),
(975),
(990),
(1005),
(1020),
(1035),
(1050),
(1065),
(1080),
(1095),
(1110),
(1125),
(1140),
(1155),
(1170),
(1185),
(1200),
(1215),
(1230),
(1245),
(1260),
(1275),
(1290),
(1305),
(1320),
(1335),
(1350),
(1365),
(1380),
(1395),
(1410),
(1425),
(1440),
(1455),
(1470),
(1485),
(1500),
(1515),
(1530),
(1545),
(1560),
(1575),
(1590),
(1605),
(1620),
(1635),
(1650),
(1665),
(1680),
(1695),
(1710),
(1725),
(1740),
(1755),
(1770),
(1785),
(1800),
(1815),
(1830),
(1845),
(1860),
(1875),
(1890),
(1905),
(1920),
(1935),
(1950),
(1965),
(1980),
(1995),
(2010),
(2025),
(2040),
(2055),
(2070),
(2085),
(2100),
(2115),
(2130),
(2145),
(2160),
(2175),
(2190),
(2205),
(2220),
(2235),
(2250),
(2265),
(2280),
(2295),
(2310),
(2325),
(2340),
(2355),
(2370),
(2385),
(2400),
(2415),
(2430),
(2445),
(2460),
(2475),
(2490),
(2505),
(2520),
(2535),
(2550),
(2565),
(2580),
(2595),
(2610),
(2625),
(2640),
(2655),
(2670),
(2685),
(2700),
(2715),
(2730),
(2745),
(2760),
(2775),
(2790),
(2805),
(2820),
(2835),
(2850),
(2865),
(2880),
(2895),
(2910),
(2925),
(2940),
(2955),
(2970),
(2985),
(3000),
(3015),
(3030),
(3045),
(3060),
(3075),
(3090),
(3105),
(3120),
(3135),
(3150),
(3165),
(3180),
(3195),
(3210),
(3225),
(3240),
(3255),
(3270),
(3285),
(3300),
(3315),
(3330),
(3345),
(3360),
(3375),
(3390),
(3405),
(3420),
(3435),
(3450),
(3465),
(3480),
(3495),
(3510),
(3525),
(3540),
(3555),
(3570),
(3585),
(3600),
(3615),
(3630),
(3645),
(3660),
(3675),
(3690),
(3705),
(3720),
(3735),
(3750),
(3765),
(3780),
(3795),
(3810),
(3825),
(3840),
(3855),
(3870),
(3885),
(3900),
(3915),
(3930),
(3945),
(3960),
(3975),
(3990),
(4005),
(4020),
(4035),
(4050)
) v271 (n)
CROSS APPLY
(
VALUES
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 1 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 2 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 4 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('BUZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 7 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 8 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('BUZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 11 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 13 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 14 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZBUZZ' AS CHAR(8)))
) res (fizzbuzz)

UNION ALL

SELECT v.fizzbuzz
FROM (
VALUES 
('999991'),
('999992'),
('FIZZ'),
('999994'),
('BUZZ'),
('FIZZ'),
('999997'),
('999998'),
('FIZZ'),
('BUZZ')
) v (fizzbuzz)

OPTION (MAXDOP 6, NO_PERFORMANCE_SPOOL);

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