如何向 mariadb / mysql 中的现有表添加分区？

Question

我有下表。

我也想加分区。

CREATE TABLE `app_log_Test` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `dateCreated` datetime NOT NULL,
  `host` varchar(512) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `label` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `event` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `level` varchar(8) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `message` text COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci,
  `version` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `app_log_dateCreated` (`dateCreated`),
  KEY `app_log_label` (`label`),
  KEY `app_log_event` (`event`),
  KEY `app_log_level` (`level`)
) ENGINE=TokuDB `COMPRESSION`=tokudb_quicklz

我正在使用 MariaDB 10。

MariaDB [test2]> alter table app_log_Test partition by RANGE(TO_DAYS(dateCreated))(
-> PARTITION p_201809 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2018-09-01 00:00:00')) ENGINE = TokuDB,
-> PARTITION p_201810 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2018-10-01 00:00:00')) ENGINE = TokuDB);

我收到以下错误

ERROR 1503 (HY000): A PRIMARY KEY must include all columns in the table's partitioning function

Answer 1

首先我需要处理错误

ERROR 1503 (HY000): A PRIMARY KEY must include all columns in the table's partitioning function

这是有道理的，分区意味着根据某些条件将数据放入不同的文件中。如果分区条件不是表主键索引的一部分，这将不知道如何放置数据。

alter table app_log_Test drop PRIMARY KEY, add primary key (`id`, `dateCreated`);

接下来，我可以重新运行我的更改表来添加我关心的分区。

ALTER TABLE app_log_Test
PARTITION BY RANGE (TO_DAYS(dateCreated))
    (PARTITION p_invalid_date VALUES LESS THAN (0) ENGINE = TokuDB,
    PARTITION p_201809 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2018-09-01 00:00:00')),
    PARTITION p_201810 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2018-10-01 00:00:00')),
    PARTITION p_max_future_dates VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE);

如果之后我需要添加更多分区。我不必再次指定分区方案，我只需添加分区及其约束即可。

ALTER TABLE app_log_Test
    REORGANIZE PARTITION p_max_future_dates INTO (
        PARTITION p_201811 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2018-11-01 00:00:00')),
        PARTITION p_201812 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2018-12-01 00:00:00')),
        PARTITION p_max_future_dates  VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE);  

我的桌子现在看起来像这样。

show create table app_log_Test;
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `app_log_Test` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `dateCreated` datetime NOT NULL,
  `host` varchar(512) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `label` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `event` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `level` varchar(8) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `message` text COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci,
  `version` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`dateCreated`),
  KEY `app_log_dateCreated` (`dateCreated`),
  KEY `app_log_label` (`label`),
  KEY `app_log_event` (`event`),
  KEY `app_log_level` (`level`)
) ENGINE=TokuDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci `COMPRESSION`=tokudb_zlib

/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (TO_DAYS(dateCreated))
(PARTITION p_invalid_date VALUES LESS THAN (0) ENGINE = TokuDB,
PARTITION p_201901 VALUES LESS THAN (737425) ENGINE = TokuDB,
PARTITION p_201810 VALUES LESS THAN (737333) ENGINE = TokuDB,
PARTITION p_201811 VALUES LESS THAN (737364) ENGINE = TokuDB,
PARTITION p_201812 VALUES LESS THAN (737394) ENGINE = TokuDB,
PARTITION p_max_future_dates VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = TokuDB) */