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Ubuntu 14.04

mvn通过 `update-alternatives安装和更改版本后，配置保持不变。

脚步

1. 安装新版本 mvn

   sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/mvn mvn /opt/maven/apache-maven-3.5.0/bin/mvn 100
   

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2. 检查替代品

   $ sudo update-alternatives --config mvn
   There are 2 choices for the alternative mvn (providing /usr/bin/mvn).
   
     Selection    Path                                   Priority   Status
   ------------------------------------------------------------
   * 0            /opt/maven/apache-maven-3.3.9/bin/mvn   100       auto mode
     1            /opt/maven/apache-maven-3.3.9/bin/mvn   100       manual mode
     2            /opt/maven/apache-maven-3.5.0/bin/mvn   10        manual mode
   
   Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 2
   update-alternatives: using /opt/maven/apache-maven-3.5.0/bin/mvn to provide /usr/bin/mvn (mvn) in manual mode
   

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3. 更换新的替代品

   $ sudo update-alternatives --config mvn …

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Tomcat7：7.0.30-0ubuntu1.1

Tomcat 7 有 jar 文件 commons-dbcp.jar 和 tomcat-dbcp.jar，但在 tomcat-dbcp.jar 中，它是文件 org.apache.tomcat。dbcp .BasicDataSourceFactory 类而不是 org.apache.tomcat。正在寻找的dbcp.dbcp .BasicDataSourceFactory。

根本原因

javax.naming.NamingException: Could not create resource factory instance [Root exception is java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory]
    org.apache.naming.factory.ResourceFactory.getObjectInstance(ResourceFactory.java:121)
    javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getObjectInstance(NamingManager.java:321)
    org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:843)
    org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:154)
    org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:831)
    org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:168)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:929)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1002)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:585)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:310)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)