我重新安装了 Ubuntu avec 一些文件系统问题。现在我明白了：
$ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/fingerprint/fprint/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:3 http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease
Hit:4 http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease
Hit:5 http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed InRelease
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB]
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages [192 kB]
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 Packages [186 kB]
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages [65.6 kB]
Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe i386 Packages [63.4 kB]
Fetched 609 kB in 3s (201 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
所以到目前为止我认为没有问题。然后：
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package …sudo dpkg -i rstudio-1.0.136-amd64.deb(Lendo banco de dados ... 213133
ficheiros e directórios actualmente instalados.)
A preparar para desempacotar rstudio-1.0.136-amd64.deb ...
A descompactar rstudio (1.0.136) sobre (1.0.136) ...
dpkg: problemas com dependências impedem a configuração de rstudio:
rstudio depende de libjpeg62; porém:
Pacote libjpeg62 não está instalado.
rstudio depende de libgstreamer0.10-0; porém:
Pacote libgstreamer0.10-0 não está instalado.
rstudio depende de libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0; porém:
Pacote libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 não está instalado.
dpkg: erro ao processar o pacote rstudio (--install):
problemas de dependência - deixando desconfigurado …我在 ubuntu 16.04 上运行，从 15.10 升级（可能不相关）。由于依赖性问题，我无法安装 libcups2-dev。我概述了下面的问题和故障排除步骤：
我的问题：
安装 libcups2-dev（用于 dymo 打印机）的以下命令会得到以下响应：
~ % sudo apt-get install libcups2-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages …刚刚在我组装的机器上安装了 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS。
尝试通过 Ubuntu 软件或 Chrome 安装 Chromium，但安装过程很快停止。试图在终端中运行：
sudo apt install chromium
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package chromium is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source However the following packages replace it: chromium-bsu:i386 chromium-bsu E: Package 'chromium' has no installation candidate
sudo apt install chromium-bsu
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency …我使用的是 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS，我想将 Unity 降级到 7.3.2 版（Ubuntu 15）或 7.2.6 版（Ubuntu 14）。我知道存在一些依赖性问题，但是否可以修复这些依赖性问题？所以，以防万一这是可能的……我该如何降级 Unity？
我试图安装一些参考本文档的软件包：http : //wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/index.php/NanoPi_M1#Make_Your_Own_Debian
代码：
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386<br/>
前两行安装成功
当我尝试运行第三行时，结果是这样的：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies.
libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 : …我按照很多方法来安装我的 .deb 文件（我从 virtualbox.org 下载的 VirtualBox amd64）并且也按照这篇文章但是当我输入时：
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-5.1
或运行以下代码：
sudo apt-get install virtualbox 5.1
我收到以下错误：
E: Package 'virtualbox-5.1' has no installation candidate
更新 1：
当我输入时，sudo dpkg -i virtualbox-5.1.deb我收到以下错误消息：
Selecting previously unselected package virtualbox-5.1.deb
(Reading database ... 193670 files and directories currently installed.)
preparing to unpack virtualbox-5.1.deb ...
Ubpacking virtualbox-5.1 (5.1.22-115126~Ubuntu~xenial) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of virtualbox-5.1:
virtualbox-5.1 depends on libqt5x11extras5 (>= 5.1.0); however:
Package libqt5x11extras5 is not installed.
dpkg: error processing …package-management virtualbox dependencies oracle software-installation
$ apt install bookworm
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
bookworm : Depends: libgranite3 (>= 0.2.0) but it is not installable …我尝试从 Ubuntu 16.04 升级到 Ubuntu 18.04。首先，下载并安装软件包后，我无法登录。登录屏幕完全挂起，显示验证失败。但后来我登录到 tty1，然后登录到 Ubuntu。据说我在 Ubuntu 18.04 中。然后它要求重新启动。所以我从终端重新启动了 Ubuntu。它卡在/dev/sda4 之类的地方：清理文件。尝试了几次后，我进入了tty1，在这里我以root用户身份登录并尝试更新和升级。但是现在我收到了诸如未满足的依赖项和损坏的包之类的错误。我已经做了sudo dpkg -- configure -a。我不想重新安装 Ubuntu。如何访问我的 Ubuntu 桌面？
我刚刚从 14.04 升级到 16.04。这并不容易，可能是因为我在我的机器上做了很多调整（更新的包不是从“官方”来源安装的）。它不会启动，我开始还以为是显卡的问题（“的Radeon初始化错误”），但最终还是通过下载（另一台计算机上），使其开机libstdc++6然后安装dpkg -i，使用GRUB root的shell（类似的问题，作为一个在这里）。
我现在可以启动，拥有桌面会话。美好的。
现在的问题是：我有一个严重的包依赖问题，所有apt-get命令都会失败。考虑一下：
$ sudo apt-get check
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libstdc++-5-dev : Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 5.5.0-12ubuntu1~14.04) but 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.10 is installed
libstdc++6 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.10) but 5.5.0-12ubuntu1~14.04 is installed
Breaks: libogre-1.8.0 (<= 1.8.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5) but 1.8.1+dfsg-0ubuntu3 is installed
libstdc++6:i386 : …