相关疑难解决方法(0)

我为该/boot分区分配了 200 MB 。每当我尝试更新内核时，我都会收到一条错误消息，指出基本上/boot已满。

我可以做些什么来清理/boot和删除/备份旧内核？

我的第一个问题是当我尝试apt-get update或apt-get upgrade. 升级时出现以下错误：

You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-image-server : Depends: linux-image-3.2.0-27-generic but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.

我尝试运行 apt-get install -f ，这是输出（在提示上说是后）

(Reading database ... 186183 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking linux-image-3.2.0-27-generic (from .../linux-image-3.2.0-27-generic_3.2.0-27.43_amd64.deb) ...
Done.
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.2.0-27-generic_3.2.0-27.43_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 failed in write on buffer copy for backend dpkg-deb during `./boot/System.map-3.2.0-27-generic': No space left on …

当我尝试进行每日更新时，软件更新程序出现错误。它说：

The upgrade needs a total of 25.3 M free space on disk `/boot`.
Please free at least an additional 25.3 M of disk space on `/boot`.
Empty your trash and remove temporary packages of former installations 
using `sudo apt-get clean`.

我尝试在sudo apt-get clean终端中输入，但我仍然收到消息。我阅读的所有页面似乎都是为有经验的 Ubuntu 用户准备的。我正在运行 Ubuntu 12.10。我想升级到 13.04，但我知道我必须先完成这些。

这是cat /etc/fstab在终端中输入的输出：

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with …

我尝试这样做，do-release-upgrade 但后来我得到：

可用磁盘空间不足

升级已中止。升级需要磁盘“/boot”上总共 25.7 M 可用空间。请在“/boot”上释放至少 25.7 M 的额外磁盘空间。清空垃圾并使用“sudo apt-get clean”删除以前安装的临时包。

的输出df：

                    237251272 214797108  10402504  96% /
udev                    488120         4    488116   1% /dev
tmpfs                   198676       668    198008   1% /run
none                      5120         0      5120   0% /run/lock
none                    496684         0    496684   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1               233191    225867         0 100% /boot

为什么启动时没有剩余空间？这是输出ls -as /boot：

total 221839
    4 .
    4 ..
  645 abi-2.6.32-34-generic-pae
  698 abi-2.6.35-30-generic-pae
  727 abi-2.6.38-12-generic-pae
  727 abi-3.0.0-12-generic-pae
  727 abi-3.0.0-13-generic-pae
  727 abi-3.0.0-14-generic-pae
  727 abi-3.0.0-15-generic-pae
  727 abi-3.0.0-16-generic-pae
  727 abi-3.0.0-17-generic-pae …

问题是关于 Ubuntu 发布过程。是否预期从 n 到 n+1 版本的迁移？

假设我们有安装了 Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 的服务器。通过 apt-get upgrade 可以顺利升级到 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 吗？

假设：

• 范围是软件
• 因此我们假设两个版本都支持给定的硬件（从升级到升级）
• 这就是为什么在升级之前总是要求您进行备份以便在发生故障时能够恢复

/boot 不知何故变得 100% 满。

df -k
Filesystem              1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ubuntu-root 191078052 31758960 149612804  18% /
udev                      3997520        8   3997512   1% /dev
tmpfs                     1602244      856   1601388   1% /run
none                         5120        0      5120   0% /run/lock
none                      4005600     1792   4003808   1% /run/shm
none                       102400       28    102372   1% /run/user
/dev/sda1                  233191   218740      2010 100% /boot


mount
/dev/mapper/ubuntu-root on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) …

在使用“其他”选项安装 Ubuntu 时，我发现有许多文件夹可以安装在不同的分区上，如下图所示。

那么将这些文件夹（或目录）安装在不同的分区上有什么优点和缺点？

具体目录是

1. /boot
2. /home
3. /tmp
4. /usr
5. /var
6. /srv
7. /opt
8. /usr/local

我收到一条错误消息，说明我的 /boot 已满。由于磁盘已满错误或依赖项错误，尝试清理旧图像文件似乎总是失败。有人可以解释我哪里出错了。

$ sudo apt-get autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run ‘apt-get -f install’ to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 linux-image-extra-3.13.0-44-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-44-generic but it is not installed
 linux-image-extra-3.13.0-45-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-45-generic but it is not installed
 linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.13.0-45-generic but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.

$ ls /boot
abi-3.13.0-32-generic         initrd.img-3.13.0-43-generic
abi-3.13.0-36-generic         lost+found
abi-3.13.0-37-generic         memtest86+.bin
abi-3.13.0-39-generic         memtest86+.elf
abi-3.13.0-40-generic …

dpkg --configure -a

Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-35-generic (3.13.0-35.62) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-35-generic
vmlinuz(/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-35-generic
) points to /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-35-generic
 (/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-35-generic) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-35-generic.postinst line 491.
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-35-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-35-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-35-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-35-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-35-generic

gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-35-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code …

我在尝试运行下面显示的命令时看到以下错误。我在某处读到我的 /boot 分区磁盘空间不足。如何增加 /boot 分区的大小以便安装更多软件？我有一个 500GB 的硬盘，所以有足够的空间来玩。

sudo apt-get install libdvdread4

gzip: stdout: No space left on device                                                                                                                                                                              
   E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1                                                                                                                                                                             
   update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-33-generic with 1.                                                                                                                                             
   run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1                                                                                                                                        
   Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-33-generic.postinst line 1010.                                                                                                    
   dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-33-generic (--configure):                                                                                                                                                 
    subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2                                                                                                                                        
   dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-server:                                                                                                                                             
   linux-image-server depends on linux-image-3.2.0-33-generic; however:                                                                                                                                              
     Package linux-image-3.2.0-33-generic is not configured yet.
   dpkg: error …