Apt-Get 更新：获取失败；无法连接到任何来源

Question

我意识到有很多“apt-get update: failure to fetch”问题（我通读了我能找到的所有内容），但我目前的情况是 12.04 独有的，它会影响所有来源；不仅仅是启动板。此外，我在欧洲和美国尝试了几种不同的服务器以及“主服务器”（无论在哪里），它们都产生相同的结果：我无法连接到任何软件源。

此外，我相当肯定这个问题源于我今天早上执行的从 11.10->12.04 的升级，因为更新之前就起作用了。

更新管理器的更新工作正常，我可以从软件中心下载一些东西（嘟嘟嘟）而不会发生任何事故，这让我觉得我可以连接到 Ubuntu 服务器的一些子集（但是，其他几个 Ubuntu 服务器——比如额外的——并且某些规范服务器被列为“无法连接”）。

这是来自的输出sudo apt-get update：

sudo apt-get update
Ign http://ftp.u-picardie.fr precise InRelease
Ign http://archive.canonical.com precise InRelease                                                                        
Ign http://ftp.u-picardie.fr precise-updates InRelease                                                                    
Ign http://ftp.u-picardie.fr precise-backports InRelease                                                                  
Err http://ftp.u-picardie.fr precise-security InRelease                                                                    

Err http://ftp.u-picardie.fr precise Release.gpg                                                                           
  Unable to connect to ftp.u-picardie.fr:http:
Err http://ftp.u-picardie.fr precise-updates Release.gpg                                                                  
  Unable to connect to ftp.u-picardie.fr:http:
Err http://ftp.u-picardie.fr precise-backports Release.gpg                                                                
  Unable to connect to ftp.u-picardie.fr:http:
Err http://ftp.u-picardie.fr precise-security Release.gpg                                                                 
  Unable to connect to ftp.u-picardie.fr:http:
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise Release.gpg                                                                      
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise Release                                                                          
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner i386 Packages                                                              
Ign http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner TranslationIndex                                    
Ign http://dl.google.com stable InRelease                                                            
Ign http://dl.google.com stable InRelease                                                    
Err http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner Translation-en_US                           
  Unable to connect to archive.canonical.com:http: [IP: 91.189.92.150 80]
Err http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner Translation-en                              
  Unable to connect to archive.canonical.com:http: [IP: 91.189.92.150 80]
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise InRelease                                               
Get:1 http://dl.google.com stable Release.gpg [198 B]                                        
Err http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg                                      
  Could not connect to extras.ubuntu.com:80 (91.189.88.33). - connect (111: Connection refused)
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                        
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                             

Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                             

Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                             

Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                             

Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                             

Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                             

Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                             

Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                             

Get:2 http://dl.google.com stable Release.gpg [198 B]                      
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg                           
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Err http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:
Get:3 http://dl.google.com stable Release [1,347 B]
Get:4 http://dl.google.com stable Release [1,347 B]
Get:5 http://dl.google.com stable/main i386 Packages [1,268 B]
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main TranslationIndex
Get:6 http://dl.google.com stable/main i386 Packages [769 B]
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main TranslationIndex
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main Translation-en_US                                                                                 
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main Translation-en                                                                                    
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main Translation-en_US                                                                                 
Ign http://dl.google.com stable/main Translation-en                                                                                    
Fetched 5,127 B in 7s (673 B/s)                                                                                                        
Reading package lists... Done
W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/elementary-os/stable/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/elementaryart/elementary-dev/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/midori/ppa/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/nemequ/sqlheavy/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/ricotz/docky/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/sgringwe/beatbox/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/y-ppa-manager/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/yorba/ppa/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease  

W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ftp.u-picardie.fr:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ftp.u-picardie.fr:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ftp.u-picardie.fr:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ftp.u-picardie.fr:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/partner/i18n/Translation-en_US  Unable to connect to archive.canonical.com:http: [IP: 91.189.92.150 80]

W: Failed to fetch http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/partner/i18n/Translation-en  Unable to connect to archive.canonical.com:http: [IP: 91.189.92.150 80]

W: Failed to fetch http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Could not connect to extras.ubuntu.com:80 (91.189.88.33). - connect (111: Connection refused)

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/caffeine-developers/ppa/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/elementary-os/stable/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/elementaryart/elementary-dev/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/midori/ppa/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/nemequ/sqlheavy/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/ricotz/docky/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/sgringwe/beatbox/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/y-ppa-manager/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/yorba/ppa/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Unable to connect to ppa.launchpad.net:http:

W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://ppa.launchpad.net/nemequ/sqlheavy/ubuntu/ precise/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_nemequ_sqlheavy_ubuntu_dists_precise_main_binary-i386_Packages)
W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://ppa.launchpad.net/sgringwe/beatbox/ubuntu/ precise/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_sgringwe_beatbox_ubuntu_dists_precise_main_binary-i386_Packages)

内容/etc/apt/sources.list：

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release i386 (20111012)]/ oneiric main restricted
deb-src http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise main restricted #Added by software-properties

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb-src http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise multiverse universe #Added by software-properties

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-updates restricted main multiverse universe #Added by software-properties

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties

deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-security restricted main multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-security universe
deb http://ftp.u-picardie.fr/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner

## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

测试替代sources.list文件

这些是我遵循的步骤以产生以下输出：

1. 请备份您的sources.list： sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup

2. 然后用/etc/apt/sources.list以下几行替换 的内容并运行apt-get update：

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ 精确主受限宇宙多元宇宙
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/precision-updates 主要受限宇宙多元宇宙
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/precision-backports 主要受限宇宙多元宇宙
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precision-security 主受限宇宙多元宇宙
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu 精准合作伙伴
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu 精确主 

输出：

someone@someone-UBook:~$ sudo apt-get update
Ign http://archive.canonical.com precise InRelease
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise Release.gpg                           
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise Release                               
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise InRelease                                
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise InRelease                                 
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates InRelease                        
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner i386 Packages                 
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg                               
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports InRelease                      
Ign http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner TranslationIndex              
Err http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner Translation-en_US             
  Unable to connect to archive.canonical.com:http: [IP: 91.189.92.150 80]
Err http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner Translation-en                
  Unable to connect to archive.canonical.com:http: [IP: 91.189.92.150 80]
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release                                   
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg [198 B]                    
Ign http://dl.google.com stable InRelease                                      
Err http://dl.google.com stable InRelease                                      

Err http://dl.google.com stable Release.gpg                                    
  Unable to connect to dl.google.com:http: [IP: 173.194.34.38 80]
Err http://dl.google.com stable Release.gpg                                    
  Unable to connect to dl.google.com:http: [IP: 173.194.34.38 80]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg [198 B]            
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages                        
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release.gpg [198 B]          
Ign http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security InRelease                      
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex                     
Err http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en_US                    
  Unable to connect to extras.ubuntu.com:http:
Err http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en                       
  Unable to connect to extras.ubuntu.com:http:
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg [198 B]          
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise Release [49.6 kB]                      
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release [49.6 kB]            
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release [49.6 kB]              
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release [49.6 kB]            
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main i386 Packages [32.9 kB] 
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages [1,274 kB]         
Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted i386 Packages [14 B]
Get:12 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe i386 Packages [8,594 B]
Get:13 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages [1,393 B]
Get:14 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main TranslationIndex [73 B]
Get:15 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse TranslationIndex [71 B]
Get:16 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted TranslationIndex [70 B]
Get:17 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe TranslationIndex [72 B]
Get:18 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Translation-en [13.6 kB]
Get:19 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Translation-en [587 B]
Get:20 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Translation-en [14 B]
Get:21 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Translation-en [6,261 B]
Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted i386 Packages [8,431 B]    
Get:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe i386 Packages [4,796 kB]     
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                 
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                 
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                 
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                 
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                 
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                 
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                 
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease                                 
Get:24 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg [316 B]                    
Get:25 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg [316 B]                    
Get:26 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg [316 B]                    
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg                               
Get:27 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg [316 B]                    
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg                               
Get:28 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg [316 B]                    
Get:29 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg [316 B]                    
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg                               
Get:30 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg [316 B]                    
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg                               
Get:31 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release [11.9 kB]                      
Get:32 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release [11.9 kB]                      
Get:33 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse i386 Packages [121 kB]     
Get:34 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release [11.9 kB]                      
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release                                   
Get:35 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release [11.9 kB]                      
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex                    
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse TranslationIndex              
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release                            
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted TranslationIndex              
Get:36 http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release [11.9 kB]                      

    

Answer 1

是的，名称服务器更新确实有效，如果有效，那么您可能已将 IP 设置更新为静态，并且您的服务器无法再解析 URL。

尝试以上操作，如果有效，请重新启动。如果重新启动后失败，请执行以下操作：

编辑模板文件resolv.conf。Ubuntu 服务器在每次启动时都会重建它。

sudo vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/tail

#add just these two lines >>
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4  

然后保存文件并重启服务：

sudo /etc/init.d/resolvconf restart

8.8.8.8并且8.8.4.4只是 Google 的名称服务器。如果需要，您应该能够添加自己的 ISP。如果您不喜欢vi，请使用nano或vim。

我想通了阅读这篇文章。所以把小费归功于他们。

Answer 2

我刚刚在这里找到了答案。显然 apt 无法处理很多软件源，因此我能够通过取消选择除我需要访问的之外的所有源来解决我的问题。经常这样做会很痛苦，但总比没有好。从网站：

在“其他软件”选项卡中，禁用所有 PPA 存储库，仅保留官方 Ubuntu 存储库处于活动状态。启用过多的 PPA 存储库（非官方）可能会导致您的包管理器变得不稳定。

Answer 3

将行添加nameserver 8.8.8.8到您的/etc/resolv.conf.

这会设置备用 DNS 服务器（由 Google 运行的公共 DNS 服务器），以防出现 DNS 问题。它与另一个答案相似，但不完全相同（稍后发布，并为本质上相同的重新配置提供了不同的方法）。