声卡未被pulseaudio检测到（但被alsa检测到）

Question

从 18.04 > 20.04 升级后，pulseaudio 无法正确识别我笔记本电脑的内部声卡。尽管 alsamixer 正在展示该卡。有什么提示吗？

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aplay -l\n**** Liste der Hardware-Ger\xc3\xa4te (PLAYBACK) ****\nKarte 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], Ger\xc3\xa4t 0: ALC293 Analog [ALC293 Analog]\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4te: 0/1\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4t #0: subdevice #0\nKarte 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], Ger\xc3\xa4t 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4te: 1/1\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4t #0: subdevice #0\nKarte 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], Ger\xc3\xa4t 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4te: 1/1\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4t #0: subdevice #0\nKarte 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], Ger\xc3\xa4t 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4te: 1/1\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4t #0: subdevice #0\nKarte 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], Ger\xc3\xa4t 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4te: 1/1\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4t #0: subdevice #0\nKarte 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], Ger\xc3\xa4t 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4]\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4te: 1/1\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4t #0: subdevice #0\nKarte 1: Dock [USB3.0 Dual Video Dock], Ger\xc3\xa4t 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4te: 1/1\n  Sub-Ger\xc3\xa4t #0: subdevice #0\n

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HDA Intel PCH 是正确的设备，请参阅：

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lspci\n00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Coffee Lake HOST and DRAM Controller (rev 0b)\n00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 620 (Whiskey Lake)\n00:12.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP Thermal Controller (rev 30)\n00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP USB 3.1 xHCI Controller (rev 30)\n00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP Shared SRAM (rev 30)\n00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP MEI Controller #1 (rev 30)\n00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] (rev 30)\n00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #5 (rev f0)\n00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #9 (rev f0)\n00:1d.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #10 (rev f0)\n00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP LPC Controller (rev 30)\n00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP High Definition Audio Controller (rev 30)\n00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP SMBus Controller (rev 30)\n00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP SPI Controller (rev 30)\n39:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8411B PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)\n39:00.1 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 12)\n3a:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Wireless-AC 9260 (rev 29)\n

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当我打开 pavucontrol 时，卡片没有显示。一看就知道有什么不对劲。我已经尝试了以下操作，然后重新启动：

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sudo apt-get --purge remove linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils\nsudo apt-get install linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils\n

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不幸的是没有帮助...\n有什么提示吗？

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Answer 1

如果你让事情与

sudo alsa force-reload

但每次重启时都需要重复，值得尝试：

sudo apt purge timidity-daemon

然后重新启动。

从 18.04 升级到 20.04 后，这对我有用。在进行此更改之前，如果我使用 18.04 版本的旧 Linux 内核（升级后保留在我的系统上）启动，声音效果很好。所以对于我的系统来说，问题是 timidity 守护进程如何与 5.4 内核一起工作。

Answer 2

好的，我找到了解决方法

sudo alsa force-reload

让我的声卡起死回生。所以我决定将包含以下内容的脚本放入启动脚本中：

#!/bin/bash
sudo alsa force-reload

并将脚本启动为：

sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local
sudo nano /etc/rc.local

并将该行放入：

sh /path/to/alsa_force_reload.sh

F3 并保存。这对我有用。暂且 ;）