包“package”的文件列表文件缺少最终换行符

Question

为了解决这个问题，我运行了这些命令

sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/<package name>.* /var/www
sudo apt-get install <package name>

但是当我尝试使用以下命令安装任何新软件包或升级时，它会为其他软件包提供错误。

是什么导致了这个问题，我该如何解决？

$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libexpat1:amd64' missing;
 assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'base-passwd' missing;
 assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'bash' missing;
 assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'debconf' missing;
 assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'dash' missing;
 assuming package has no files currently installed   
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'coreutils' missing;
 assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'python3-software-properties' missing;
 assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'software-properties-common' missing;
 assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting: 
 files list file for package 'libcap-ng0:amd64' is missing final newline
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)

$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
  lxd lxd-client open-iscsi openssl tmux tzdata unattended-upgrades
7 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/9806 kB of archives.
After this operation, 604 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Preconfiguring packages ...
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libexpat1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'base-passwd' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'bash' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'debconf' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'dash' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'coreutils' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'base-files' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'diffutils' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'python3-software-properties' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'ncurses-bin' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'software-properties-common' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:
 files list file for package 'libcap-ng0:amd64' is missing final newline
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)

$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall base-passwd
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/47.2 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Preconfiguring packages ...
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libexpat1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'base-passwd' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'bash' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'debconf' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'dash' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'coreutils' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'base-files' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'diffutils' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'python3-software-properties' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'ncurses-bin' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'software-properties-common' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:
 files list file for package 'libcap-ng0:amd64' is missing final newline
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)

$ sudo chmod -R a+r /var/lib/dpkg/info
$ cd /var/lib/dpkg/info

/var/lib/dpkg/info$ sudo mv libcap-ng0\:amd64.
libcap-ng0:amd64.list      libcap-ng0:amd64.md5sums   libcap-ng0:amd64.shlibs    libcap-ng0:amd64.triggers

/var/lib/dpkg/info$ sudo mv libcap-ng0\:amd64.
libcap-ng0:amd64.list      libcap-ng0:amd64.md5sums   libcap-ng0:amd64.shlibs    libcap-ng0:amd64.triggers

/var/lib/dpkg/info$ sudo mv libcap-ng0\:amd64.* /var/www/html/

/var/lib/dpkg/info$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall libcap-ng0:amd64
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
Need to get 11.1 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ap-south-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libcap-ng0 amd64 0.7.7-3.1 [11.1 kB]
Fetched 11.1 kB in 0s (39.2 kB/s)
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libexpat1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'base-passwd' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'bash' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'debconf' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'dash' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'coreutils' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'base-files' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'diffutils' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'python3-software-properties' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libcap-ng0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'ncurses-bin' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'software-properties-common' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:
 files list file for package 'libcom-err2:amd64' is missing final newline
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)

我已经从 /var/lib/dpkg/info 文件夹中删除了 libcap-ng0:amd64 文件，后来尝试重新安装它，但现在它为其他包提供了错误，并为 libcap-ng0 提供了警告。
休息包也以同样的方式发生了

Answer 1

以下是解决此问题的分步说明，这似乎是与这些 pacakges 相关的 .list 文件中的文件损坏：

1. 验证 .list 文件是否充满垃圾：

cat /var/lib/dpkg/info/<name-of-package>.list

2. 删除损坏的 .list 文件：

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/<name-of-package>.list

3. 运行该软件包的重新安装（将显示警告，但应该重新安装）：

sudo apt install <name-of-package> --reinstall

如果发生在我身上的事情发生在你身上，每次运行它都会遇到另一个损坏的 .list 文件，在修复系统之前，你将不得不通过很多步骤。如果你有很多，那么第三步是可选的——只需sudo apt upgrade在最后运行一个，它就会重新安装你需要的一切。

Answer 2

来自：apt-get dpkg 错误：文件列表文件...缺少最后的换行符 - LinuxQuestions.org

好吧，在 freenode 的 #debian 的大力帮助下，我找到了解决方案（感谢 Justin！！）：

文件/var/lib/dpkg/info/smbfs.list已损坏，全是二进制垃圾。不知道这是怎么发生的，但确实如此。所以贾斯汀建议我删除该文件（实际上，我移动了它） - 然后，瞧，apt 警告我找不到 smbfs 的文件列表，但至少我可以apt-get remove smbfs --purge 并再次安装它（apt-get install smbfs） - 这花了饼干！