在 Bionic 中将 nvidia 396 降级至 390

Question

我在将 nvidia 驱动程序从 396 降级到 390 时遇到问题。如果我清除所有 nvidia 驱动程序，那么它sudo apt install nvidia-driver-390仍然会安装 396 版本。有什么办法强制它安装旧版本吗？

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我已经尝试过了sudo apt install nvidia-driver-390=390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1，但这给了我以下错误：

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Reading package lists... Done\nBuilding dependency tree       \nReading state information... Done\nSome packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have\nrequested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable\ndistribution that some required packages have not yet been created\nor been moved out of Incoming.\nThe following information may help to resolve the situation:\n\nThe following packages have unmet dependencies.\n nvidia-driver-390 : Depends: libnvidia-gl-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: nvidia-dkms-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1)\n                     Depends: nvidia-kernel-source-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1)\n                     Depends: libnvidia-compute-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: nvidia-compute-utils-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: libnvidia-decode-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: libnvidia-encode-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: nvidia-utils-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: libnvidia-cfg1-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: libnvidia-ifr1-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Depends: libnvidia-fbc1-390 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) but 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 is to be installed\n                     Recommends: nvidia-settings but it is not going to be installed\n                     Recommends: nvidia-prime (>= 0.8)\n                     Recommends: libnvidia-compute-390:i386 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1)\n                     Recommends: libnvidia-decode-390:i386 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1)\n                     Recommends: libnvidia-encode-390:i386 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1)\n                     Recommends: libnvidia-ifr1-390:i386 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1)\n                     Recommends: libnvidia-fbc1-390:i386 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1)\n                     Recommends: libnvidia-gl-390:i386 (= 390.59-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1)\nE: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.\n

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有没有某种方法告诉它使用旧版本的依赖项？

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这变得非常令人沮丧，因为 396 驱动程序似乎会对我安装的任何游戏造成问题，而 390 工作正常，但我似乎无法回滚，并且软件/中没有出现旧版本的选项更新应用程序。

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谢谢

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更新：

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根据要求，以下是apt policy nvidia-390通过 PPA 安装的以下输出：

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nvidia-390:\n  Installed: 390.67-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1\n  Candidate: 390.67-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1\n  Version table:\n *** 390.67-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1 500\n        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/graphics-drivers/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages\n        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status\n

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另外，这是实际安装的输出 ( sudo apt install nvidia-390)：

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Reading package lists... Done\nBuilding dependency tree       \nReading state information... Done\nThe following additional packages will be installed:\n  dkms libnvidia-cfg1-396 libnvidia-common-396 libnvidia-compute-396\n  libnvidia-compute-396:i386 libnvidia-decode-396 libnvidia-decode-396:i386\n  libnvidia-encode-396 libnvidia-encode-396:i386 libnvidia-fbc1-396\n  libnvidia-fbc1-396:i386 libnvidia-gl-396 libnvidia-gl-396:i386\n  libnvidia-ifr1-396 libnvidia-ifr1-396:i386 libxnvctrl0\n  nvidia-compute-utils-396 nvidia-dkms-396 nvidia-driver-390 nvidia-driver-396\n  nvidia-kernel-common-396 nvidia-kernel-source-396 nvidia-prime\n  nvidia-settings nvidia-utils-396 screen-resolution-extra\n  xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-396\nSuggested packages:\n  menu\nThe following NEW packages will be installed\n  dkms libnvidia-cfg1-396 libnvidia-common-396 libnvidia-compute-396\n  libnvidia-compute-396:i386 libnvidia-decode-396 libnvidia-decode-396:i386\n  libnvidia-encode-396 libnvidia-encode-396:i386 libnvidia-fbc1-396\n  libnvidia-fbc1-396:i386 libnvidia-gl-396 libnvidia-gl-396:i386\n  libnvidia-ifr1-396 libnvidia-ifr1-396:i386 libxnvctrl0 nvidia-390\n  nvidia-compute-utils-396 nvidia-dkms-396 nvidia-driver-390 nvidia-driver-396\n  nvidia-kernel-common-396 nvidia-kernel-source-396 nvidia-prime\n  nvidia-settings nvidia-utils-396 screen-resolution-extra\n  xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-396\n0 to upgrade, 28 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.\nNeed to get 16.1 kB/88.7 MB of archives.\nAfter this operation, 365 MB of additional disk space will be used.\nDo you want to continue? [Y/n] \nGet:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76/pop/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 nvidia-driver-390 amd64 396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1 [8,072 B]\nGet:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/graphics-drivers/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 nvidia-390 amd64 390.67-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1 [8,044 B]\nFetched 16.1 kB in 0s (85.5 kB/s)     \nSelecting previously unselected package dkms.\n(Reading database ... 287858 files and directories currently installed.)\nPreparing to unpack .../00-dkms_2.3-3ubuntu9.1_all.deb ...\nUnpacking dkms (2.3-3ubuntu9.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-cfg1-396:amd64.\nPreparing to unpack .../01-libnvidia-cfg1-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-cfg1-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-common-396.\nPreparing to unpack .../02-libnvidia-common-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_all.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-common-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-compute-396:i386.\nPreparing to unpack .../03-libnvidia-compute-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_i386.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-compute-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-compute-396:amd64.\nPreparing to unpack .../04-libnvidia-compute-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-compute-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-decode-396:i386.\nPreparing to unpack .../05-libnvidia-decode-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_i386.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-decode-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-decode-396:amd64.\nPreparing to unpack .../06-libnvidia-decode-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-decode-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-encode-396:amd64.\nPreparing to unpack .../07-libnvidia-encode-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-encode-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-encode-396:i386.\nPreparing to unpack .../08-libnvidia-encode-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_i386.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-encode-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-fbc1-396:i386.\nPreparing to unpack .../09-libnvidia-fbc1-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_i386.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-fbc1-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-fbc1-396:amd64.\nPreparing to unpack .../10-libnvidia-fbc1-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-fbc1-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-gl-396:i386.\nPreparing to unpack .../11-libnvidia-gl-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_i386.deb ...\ndpkg-query: no packages found matching libnvidia-gl-390\nUnpacking libnvidia-gl-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-gl-396:amd64.\nPreparing to unpack .../12-libnvidia-gl-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\ndpkg-query: no packages found matching libnvidia-gl-390\nUnpacking libnvidia-gl-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-ifr1-396:i386.\nPreparing to unpack .../13-libnvidia-ifr1-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_i386.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-ifr1-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libnvidia-ifr1-396:amd64.\nPreparing to unpack .../14-libnvidia-ifr1-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking libnvidia-ifr1-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package libxnvctrl0:amd64.\nPreparing to unpack .../15-libxnvctrl0_396.24-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking libxnvctrl0:amd64 (396.24-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-kernel-source-396.\nPreparing to unpack .../16-nvidia-kernel-source-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-kernel-source-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-kernel-common-396.\nPreparing to unpack .../17-nvidia-kernel-common-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-kernel-common-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-dkms-396.\nPreparing to unpack .../18-nvidia-dkms-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-dkms-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-compute-utils-396.\nPreparing to unpack .../19-nvidia-compute-utils-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-compute-utils-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-utils-396.\nPreparing to unpack .../20-nvidia-utils-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-utils-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-396.\nPreparing to unpack .../21-xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-driver-396.\nPreparing to unpack .../22-nvidia-driver-396_396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-driver-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-driver-390.\nPreparing to unpack .../23-nvidia-driver-390_396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-driver-390 (396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-390.\nPreparing to unpack .../24-nvidia-390_390.67-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-390 (390.67-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-prime.\nPreparing to unpack .../25-nvidia-prime_0.8.8_all.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-prime (0.8.8) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package screen-resolution-extra.\nPreparing to unpack .../26-screen-resolution-extra_0.17.3_all.deb ...\nUnpacking screen-resolution-extra (0.17.3) ...\nSelecting previously unselected package nvidia-settings.\nPreparing to unpack .../27-nvidia-settings_396.24-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1_amd64.deb ...\nUnpacking nvidia-settings (396.24-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-fbc1-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-fbc1-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-prime (0.8.8) ...\nProcessing triggers for mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-cfg1-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nProcessing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.23-1ubuntu3) ...\nSetting up nvidia-kernel-common-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nupdate-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)\nCreated symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nvidia-fallback.service \xe2\x86\x92 /lib/systemd/system/nvidia-fallback.service.\nSetting up xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-kernel-source-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-common-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up dkms (2.3-3ubuntu9.1) ...\nProcessing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...\nSetting up screen-resolution-extra (0.17.3) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-compute-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-compute-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-dkms-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nupdate-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)\nINFO:Enable nvidia\nDEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here\nDEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude\nDEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad\nLoading new nvidia-396.24.02 DKMS files...\nBuilding for 4.15.0-23-generic\nBuilding for architecture x86_64\nBuilding initial module for 4.15.0-23-generic\nSecure Boot not enabled on this system.\nDone.\n\nnvidia:\nRunning module version sanity check.\n - Original module\n   - No original module exists within this kernel\n - Installation\n   - Installing to /lib/modules/4.15.0-23-generic/updates/dkms/\n\nnvidia-modeset.ko:\nRunning module version sanity check.\n - Original module\n   - No original module exists within this kernel\n - Installation\n   - Installing to /lib/modules/4.15.0-23-generic/updates/dkms/\n\nnvidia-drm.ko:\nRunning module version sanity check.\n - Original module\n   - No original module exists within this kernel\n - Installation\n   - Installing to /lib/modules/4.15.0-23-generic/updates/dkms/\n\nnvidia-uvm.ko:\nRunning module version sanity check.\n - Original module\n   - No original module exists within this kernel\n - Installation\n   - Installing to /lib/modules/4.15.0-23-generic/updates/dkms/\n\ndepmod...\n\nDKMS: install completed.\nProcessing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2) ...\nProcessing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-11ubuntu1) ...\nProcessing triggers for dbus (1.12.2-1ubuntu1) ...\nSetting up libxnvctrl0:amd64 (396.24-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-decode-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-decode-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-utils-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-settings (396.24-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-gl-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-gl-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-compute-utils-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nWarning: The home dir /nonexistent you specified can\'t be accessed: No such file or directory\nAdding system user `nvidia-persistenced\' (UID 103) ...\nAdding new group `nvidia-persistenced\' (GID 105) ...\nAdding new user `nvidia-persistenced\' (UID 103) with group `nvidia-persistenced\' ...\nNot creating home directory `/nonexistent\'.\nSetting up libnvidia-ifr1-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-ifr1-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-encode-396:amd64 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up libnvidia-encode-396:i386 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-driver-396 (396.24.02-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-driver-390 (396.24-0ubuntu1~pop1) ...\nSetting up nvidia-390 (390.67-0ubuntu0~gpu18.04.1) ...\nProcessing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.130ubuntu3pop2) ...\nupdate-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-23-generic\nProcessing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...\n

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最后，输出glxinfo | egrep "version"：

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server glx version string: 1.4\nclient glx version string: 1.4\nGLX version: 1.4\nOpenGL core profile version string: 4.6.0 NVIDIA 396.24.02\nOpenGL core profile shading language version string: 4.60 NVIDIA\nOpenGL version string: 4.6.0 NVIDIA 396.24.02\nOpenGL shading language version string: 4.60 NVIDIA\nOpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.2 NVIDIA 396.24.02\nOpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.20\n    GL_EXT_shader_implicit_conversions, GL_EXT_shader_integer_mix,\n

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Answer 1

您无法从 Ubuntu 存储库安装 390 版本的 Nvidia 驱动程序，因为该nvidia-390软件包会提取 396 驱动程序。

但好消息是，您可以从 ppa 安装 390 驱动程序：graphics-drivers/ppa

跑步

sudo apt purge 'nvidia.*'
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-390