shell打印所有目录名称匹配模式的修改日期

Question

我想编写一个 shell 程序，它将遍历名称与这样的模式匹配的所有文件夹：

sudo sh  shell.sh   pub 

运行时，脚本将查找名称包含的所有文件夹pub并打印其修改日期。我希望有代码可以打印出如下图所示的结果： 我有这个代码，但它没有给我我期望的结果。

echo  'the folder '$1' was modified at ';
 find  -type d -name 'kam*'  -exec stat -c '%y %n' '{}' \;

我必须遍历每个文件夹并输出文本echo 'the file '$1' was modified at ';并打印图像中的日期。

我想要这样的结果：

netcom@hotspot:~$ bash script.sh testRegex Pub
the folder testRegex was modified on may 15 01:19
 the folder Public was modified on may 19 01:19 
  the folder Pubos was modified on may 19 01:19 

Answer 1

您可以使用find它自己来打印整个内容：

for pattern
do
    find . -type d -name "*$pattern*" -printf 'The folder %P was modified on %t\n'
done

for pattern; do ... done循环遍历所有参数，pattern依次将变量设置为每个参数。

用find,%P并%t在-printf.

Answer 2

您可以使用启用bash的globstar选项，如以下脚本所示：

#!/bin/bash
shopt -s globstar
for i
  do for k in **/"$i"*/
    do stat -c "the folder %n was modified on %y" "$k"
  done
done

将其另存为script，使其可执行chmod +x script并根据需要调用它：

bash /path/to/script testRegex Pub

请注意，这将搜索例如Pub*，如果您确实想要匹配*Pub*，请更改**/"$i"*/为**/*"$i"*/。如果要缩短时间戳，请尝试添加| sed 's/:[^:]*$//'到do stat行尾。您还应该尝试%N代替%n，特别是当涉及到带有空格的目录名称时，这种格式更可取。

如果您想对可以使用的日期格式进行更细粒度的控制，请用以下内容date替换该do stat行：

do date -d@$(stat -c%Y "$k") +"the folder $k was modified on %b %d %R"

然后，您可以使用 中date解释的常用格式序列man date，这里的这个格式将May 15 01:19根据您的要求进行打印。

最后但并非最不重要的是，要漂亮地打印上述任何一个的输出，您可以在目录名称后插入一个选项卡并使用column如下：

#!/bin/bash
shopt -s globstar
for i
  do for k in **/"$i"*/
    do date -d@$(stat -c%Y "$k") +"the folder $k%twas modified on %b %d %R"
  done
done | column -ts$'\t'

示例运行

$ tree
.
??? 1
?   ??? 1
?       ??? 1
??? 1something
??? 2
    ??? 1
$ bash -O globstar -c 'for i; do for k in **/"$i"*/; do stat -c "the folder %n was modified on %y" "$k"; done; done' _ 1
the folder 1/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:45:28.098693507 +0200
the folder 1/1/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:45:28.098693507 +0200
the folder 1/1/1/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:45:28.098693507 +0200
the folder 1something/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:55:36.066531665 +0200
the folder 2/1/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:45:28.098693507 +0200
$ bash -O globstar -c 'for i; do for k in **/"$i"*/; do stat -c "the folder %n was modified on %y" "$k" | sed 's/:[^:]*$//'; done; done' _ 1
the folder 1/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:45
the folder 1/1/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:45
the folder 1/1/1/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:45
the folder 1something/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:55
the folder 2/1/ was modified on 2018-06-07 09:45
$ bash -O globstar -c 'for i; do for k in **/"$i"*/; do date -d@$(stat -c%Y "$k") +"the folder $k was modified on %b %d %R"; done; done' _ 1
the folder 1/ was modified on Jun 07 09:45
the folder 1/1/ was modified on Jun 07 09:45
the folder 1/1/1/ was modified on Jun 07 09:45
the folder 1something/ was modified on Jun 07 09:55
the folder 2/1/ was modified on Jun 07 09:45
$ bash -O globstar -c 'for i; do for k in **/"$i"*/; do date -d@$(stat -c%Y "$k") +"the folder $k%twas modified on %b %d %R"; done; done | column -ts'"$'\t'" _ 1
the folder 1/           was modified on Jun 07 09:45
the folder 1/1/         was modified on Jun 07 09:45
the folder 1/1/1/       was modified on Jun 07 09:45
the folder 1something/  was modified on Jun 07 09:55
the folder 2/1/         was modified on Jun 07 09:45