从 Jonathon F 的 PPA 安装 gcc 7.3 时的依赖性问题

Question

我正在尝试从Jonathon F 的 PPA安装最新的 gcc-7 软件包。看起来现在终于成功构建了 amd64 到 2018-02-23。

我在运行时遇到了以下依赖问题sudo apt-get install gcc-7。

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 gcc-7 : Depends: cpp-7 (= 7.3.0-5ubuntu1~16.04.york0) but it is not going to be installed
         Depends: gcc-7-base (= 7.3.0-5ubuntu1~16.04.york0) but 7.2.0-1ubuntu1~16.04 is to be installed
         Depends: libcc1-0 (>= 7.3.0-5ubuntu1~16.04.york0) but 7.2.0-1ubuntu1~16.04 is to be installed
         Depends: binutils (>= 2.28) but 2.26.1-1ubuntu1~16.04.6 is to be installed
         Depends: libgcc-7-dev (= 7.3.0-5ubuntu1~16.04.york0) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

以前，我确实gcc-7从 Ubuntu 的 ppa安装，但那是为了7.2. 我已经删除了那个包。

运行 Synaptic，以下是可疑软件包的列表：

关于如何解决这些依赖性问题并安装 gcc 7.3 的任何建议？

Answer 1

似乎 gcc-7 (7.3) 在Jonathon F 的 GCC 7.3 PPA 中被破坏了。我无法在干净的 Xenial 系统上安装 GCC 7.3（没有任何其他 PPA）：

$ sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:jonathonf/gcc-7.3
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install gcc-7
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 gcc-7 : Depends: libcc1-0 (>= 7.3.0-5ubuntu1~16.04.york0) but 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9 is to be installed
         Depends: binutils (>= 2.28) but 2.26.1-1ubuntu1~16.04.6 is to be installed
         Depends: libgcc-7-dev (= 7.3.0-5ubuntu1~16.04.york0) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

$ grep -r ppa /etc/apt/sources.list*
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/jonathonf-ubuntu-gcc-7_3-xenial.list:deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/gcc-7.3/ubuntu xenial main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/jonathonf-ubuntu-gcc-7_3-xenial.list:# deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/gcc-7.3/ubuntu xenial main

因此，您应该清除此 PPA 并使用来自“用于 Ubuntu 工具链上传的 PPA（受限）”团队的gcc 7.2 ：

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:jonathonf/gcc-7.3
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-7
sudo apt-get install -f

然后联系 Jonathon F并将问题告知他。

更新。但是我从 Jonathon F找到了其他 PPAppa:jonathonf/gcc。我可以从中安装 gcc 7.3。

#sudo ppa-purge ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test # remove starting # if PPA added before
#sudo ppa-purge ppa:jonathonf/gcc-7.3 # remove starting # if PPA added before
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:jonathonf/gcc
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-7 # will install 7.3.0-5ubuntu1~16.04.york0

甚至gcc-8（版本8-20180218-1ubuntu1~16.04.york0）。