即使在更新到 4.4.0-112-generic (ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS) 之后，内核恐慌（可能）也会继续！

Question

不幸的是，我在看到相关答案之前安装了内核 4.4.0-108： Kernel panic after update to 4.4.0-108-generic

我已经丢弃了有问题的内核（已清除）并切换到 4.4.0-109，从今天开始切换到 4.4.0-112，但仍然存在一个问题：无法重新启动系统。除了重新启动操作外，其他一切似乎都正常。

在这里，您可以看到问题的打印屏幕图片：

有关如何处理此问题的任何建议？

提前致谢！

Answer 1

对于我的家用非生产 16.04 LTS 机器，我做出了以下决定：
我将保留 4.4.0-104（以及 4.4.0-103 作为后备）和 20170707 intel-microcode，以实现完整且安全的 Meltdown 和 Spectre 修复没有副作用（我这里不是指速度）。

所以我删除了新内核，重新安装了 103 和 104 并固定了相应的软件包。

警告：如果您在生产服务器或企业桌面上使用 Ubuntu，请勿执行以下步骤。

以下是我实现此目标的步骤：

1. 删除新内核

   sudo apt-get purge linux-tools-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic \
   linux-headers-4.4.0-109 linux-headers-4.4.0-109-generic linux-image-4.4.0-109-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-109-generic linux-tools-4.4.0-109 linux-tools-4.4.0-109-generic \
   linux-headers-4.4.0-110 linux-headers-4.4.0-110-generic linux-image-4.4.0-110-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-110-generic linux-tools-4.4.0-110 linux-tools-4.4.0-110-generic \
   linux-headers-4.4.0-111 linux-headers-4.4.0-111-generic linux-image-4.4.0-111-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-111-generic linux-tools-4.4.0-111 linux-tools-4.4.0-111-generic \
   linux-headers-4.4.0-112 linux-headers-4.4.0-112-generic linux-image-4.4.0-112-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-112-generic linux-tools-4.4.0-112 linux-tools-4.4.0-112-generic 
   

2. 安装 4.4.0-104 和 4.4.0-103（作为后备）

   sudo apt-get install linux-headers-4.4.0-104 linux-headers-4.4.0-104-generic \
   linux-image-4.4.0-104-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-104-generic \
   linux-tools-4.4.0-104 linux-tools-4.4.0-104-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-103 linux-headers-4.4.0-103-generic \
   linux-image-4.4.0-103-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-103-generic \
   linux-tools-4.4.0-103 linux-tools-4.4.0-103-generic
   

3. 确保从缓存安装所有 4.4.0-104 软件包

   sudo dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/*4.4.0-104*.deb
   

4. 固定内核相关的包版本

   cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/pin-kernels
   Package: linux-headers-4.4.0-104
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-headers-4.4.0-104-generic
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-headers-generic
   Pin: version 4.4.0.104.109
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-image-4.4.0-104-generic
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-image-extra-4.4.0-104-generic
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-image-generic
   Pin: version 4.4.0.104.109
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-tools-4.4.0-104
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-tools-4.4.0-104-generic
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-libc-dev:i386
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-libc-dev
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-tools-common
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-source
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: linux-source-4.4.0
   Pin: version 4.4.0-104.127
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   Package: intel-microcode
   Pin: version 3.20170707.1~ubuntu16.04.0
   Pin-Priority: 1337
   
   EOF
   

当普通补丁发布时，您可以简单地删除 pin 并使用以下命令安装相应的软件包：

sudo rm /etc/apt/preferences.d/pin-kernels
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-tools-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade