我应该什么时候安装“*-dev”包？

Question

有时，apt-cache 会提供“-dev”包，例如：

libdianewcanvas2     - a gtk+2 vectorial canvas with extra features
libdianewcanvas2-dev - a gtk+2 vectorial canvas with extra features

我想知道什么时候应该安装“*-dev”包？libdianewcanvas2 和 libdianewcanvas2-dev 有什么区别？

Answer 1

让我们比较apt show PACKAGENAME两个包的输出。我没有在这里展示完整的输出，只是一些相关的部分：

$ apt show libdianewcanvas2 libdianewcanvas2-dev

Package: libdianewcanvas2
Version: 0.6.10-5.4
[...]
Description: a gtk+2 vectorial canvas with extra features
 Dia-newcanvas is a gtk+2 vectorial widget that has got extra features as
 compared to GNOME canvas:
 .
    [...]

Package: libdianewcanvas2-dev
Version: 0.6.10-5.4
[...]
Description: a gtk+2 vectorial canvas with extra features
 Dia-newcanvas is a gtk+2 vectorial widget that has got extra features as
 compared to GNOME canvas:
 .
    [...]
 .
 This package contains the header files and static library needed for
 development of programs using dia-newcanvas.

这里的区别**This package contains the header files and static library needed for development of programs using dia-newcanvas.**实际上正是描述了大多数*-dev软件包的区别。

综上所述，您通常只需要*-dev包即可根据包提供的库来开发自己的应用程序。除此之外，我看不到您想要手动安装的用例。当然，您安装的某些其他软件包也可能总是将*-dev软件包作为依赖项，因此它会自动安装。