恢复意外的“dpkg --clear-selections”

Question

我只想“清除”所有“删除”的软件包。浏览完 的联机帮助页后dpkg，我认为该--clear-selections参数可以解决问题。太愚蠢了，我用 键入了它sudo，然后我再次检查了选择状态并感到震惊。

dpkg已选择所有（非重要）已安装的软件包进行卸载！

这当然是我的错，但绝对不是我故意的。那么，我该如何恢复这个状态呢？

我仍然打开终端窗口，在意外命令之前（85 个包）和之后（2614 个包）dpkg --get-selections | grep deinstall运行该窗口。

我现在需要的是从第二个（当前）卸载列表中减去第一个（旧）卸载列表，并再次将所有这些软件包标记为需要的。不过，将它们设置为manual不好，因为这会影响数百个库，如果没有应用程序安装这些库就毫无意义。所以我们必须将其设置为auto，然后我可能必须手动找出要选择为的顶级包manual。或者有什么可以帮助我的吗？

Info: I have two separate text files, one containing the first --get-selections output, one the second. They contain only lines with the syntax:

package-name         deinstall

where package-name is, well, the actual package name, and the space in between is an undefined number of tabs.

Update: I just found the output of dpkg --get-selections from before the accident without any grep filtering! Only two packages were installed after that, I can fix them manually later.

Please help me to restore my previous package selections!

Answer 1

To set all packages currently selected to deinstall back to install, you run the following two commands:

sudo dpkg --get-selections | awk '/deinstall/ {printf "%s\t%s\n",$1,"install"}' > packages
sudo dpkg --set-selections < packages

The first command finds all packages marked with deinstall and writes a list of packages like this

package-name         install

The second command corrects the packages.

If the full output of dpkg --get-selections from before the accident is given, you can simply restore all selections with the command

sudo dpkg --set-selections < packages

where packages is the name of the file holding the old output.