在处理之前按字母顺序对文件进行排序

Question

我使用命令

find . -type f -exec sha256sum {} \; > sha256SumOutput

散列文件夹层次结构中的每个文件。不幸的是，sha256sum没有find按字母顺序获取文件名。如何解决这个问题？

我想在对它们进行散列之前对它们进行排序，以便按字母顺序对它们进行散列（这是有原因的）。

Answer 1

使用一些管道和 sort

find . -type f -print0 | sort -z | xargs -r0 sha256sum > sha256SumOutput

解释

从 man find

   -print0
        True; print the full file name on the standard output, followed
        by a null character (instead of the newline character that -print
        uses). This allows file names that contain newlines or other
        types of white space to be  correctly  interpreted by programs
        that process the find output.  This option corresponds to the -0
        option of xargs.

从 man sort

   -z, --zero-terminated
        line delimiter is NUL, not newline

从 man xargs

   -r
        If the standard input does not contain any nonblanks, do not run
        the command. Normally, the command is run once even if there is
        no input. This option is a GNU extension.

   -0   
        Input items are terminated by a null character instead of by
        whitespace, and the quotes and backslash are not special (every
        character is taken literally).  Disables the end of file string,
        which is treated like any  other  argument. Useful when input
        items might contain white space, quote marks, or backslashes.
        The GNU find -print0 option produces input suitable for this mode.
    

例子

% ls -laog
total 4288
drwxrwxr-x  2 4329472 Aug 17 08:20 .
drwx------ 57   20480 Aug 17 08:20 ..
-rw-rw-r--  1       0 Aug 17 08:15 a
-rw-rw-r--  1       0 Aug 17 08:15 a b
-rw-rw-r--  1       0 Aug 17 08:15 b
-rw-rw-r--  1       0 Aug 17 08:15 c

% find -type f -print0 | sort -z | xargs -r0 sha256sum                  
e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855  ./a
e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855  ./a b
e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855  ./b
e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855  ./c

第一列中的值相同，因为文件在我的测试中没有任何内容。