/dev/sda1：发现属于损坏的孤立链表的 Inodes

Question

我正在正常使用我的 Ubuntu 2015.04（带有 ecryptfs 加密的用户主页）笔记本电脑，突然，硬盘驱动器变为只读。

我重新启动，现在它卡在这个：

[    0.703206] ACPI PCC probe failed.
starting version 219
error: /dev/sdb: No medium found
error: /dev/sdb: No medium found
Welcome to emergency mode! After logging in, type "journalctl -xb" to view
system logs, "systemctl reboot" to reboot, "systemctl default or ^D to
try again to boot into default mode.
root@nico:~#

系统日志中有趣的部分：

-- Unit systemd-fsckd.service has begun starting up.
system-fsck[475]: /dev/sda1 contains a file system with errors, check forced.
kernel: ACPI warning: \_SB_.PCIO.PEG_.VID_._DSM: Argument #4 type mismatch - Found [Buffer], ACPI requires [Package] (20141107/nsarguments-95)
kernel: ACPI warning: \_SB_.PCIO.PEG_.VID_._DSM: Argument #4 type mismatch - Found [Buffer], ACPI requires [Package] (20141107/nsarguments-95)
kernel: thinkpad_acpi: EC reports that Thermal Table has changed
system-fsck[475]: /dev/sda1: Inodes that were part of a corrupted orphan linked list found.
system-fsck[475]: /dev/sda1: UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY.
system-fsck[475]: (i.e., without -a or -p options)
system-fsck[475]: fsck failed with error code 4.
system-fsck[475]: Running request emergency.target/start/replace
systemd[1]: system-fsck-root.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
systemd[1]: Failed to start File System Check on Root Device
-- Subject: Unit system-fsck-root.service has failed

我不确定这是 ACPI 还是磁盘问题。我尝试将我的 Lenovo Thinkpad T520 更新到最新的 BIOS，但它无法更好地启动。

如何解决这个问题，或者如果磁盘快要死了，如何至少将数据从我加密的家中导出到外部驱动器？

Answer 1

1. 在提示符下，键入fsck /dev/sda<number>并按回车键（<number>根据包含文件系统错误的目录从您的日志中查找）
2. 输入y所有错误以修复它们
3. exit