将互联网从内置 WiFi 路由到 USB WiFi 适配器，该适配器将用作接入点或 WiFi 热点

Question

将互联网从内置 WiFi 路由到 USB WiFi 适配器，该适配器将用作接入点或 WiFi 热点

Rat*_*pps 5 networking internet wireless-access-point drivers hot-spot

我的笔记本电脑使用内置 WiFi 卡连接到互联网。我还有另一个 WiFi USB 适配器。我想在 WiFi USB 适配器上创建接入点/WiFi 热点。

我想在 WiFi USB 适配器上连接多个设备，以便在这些连接的设备上访问互联网。

如何将互联网从内置 WiFi 卡路由到 WiFi USB 适配器。我的笔记本电脑正在使用Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 64-bit

这是输出lsusb

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 011: ID 7392:7811 Edimax Technology Co., Ltd EW-7811Un 802.11n Wireless Adapter [Realtek RTL8188CUS]
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

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我的 WiFi USB 适配器来自Edimax Technology Co., Ltd

输出ifconfig

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr e0:3f:49:xx:xx:xx  
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
          Interrupt:19 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:229592 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:229592 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:233583875 (233.5 MB)  TX bytes:233583875 (233.5 MB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 54:35:30:xx:xx:xx  
          inet addr:192.168.1.6  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::5635:30ff:xxxx:xxxx/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:281992 errors:0 dropped:3 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:181674 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:252008655 (252.0 MB)  TX bytes:40751981 (40.7 MB)

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如果您需要任何其他终端命令的输出，请提及该命令或提及如何获取这些信息。

Answer 1

sol*_*iCe 2

那么你想制作一个wifi中继器吗？

假设您有EW-7811Un加密狗所需的驱动程序；如果没有尝试使用PPA和ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi软件包rtl8192cu-dkms。

长话短说

如果您无法忍受阅读全部内容并想用勺子喂食，请运行此脚本，闭上眼睛并祈祷。

怎么做

由于 Realtek 驱动程序低于标准，您只需要hostapd一个特制版本。您需要卸载 ubuntu 版本（如果已安装）并安装修补版本。

您可以从realtek.com.tw下载原始文件（但我在这里使用来自 github 用户存储库的相同文件）：

sudo apt-get remove hostapd
cd /tmp
wget https://github.com/XiaoxiaoPu/hostapd-8192cu/raw/master/RTL8188C_8192C_USB_linux_v4.0.2_9000.20130911.zip
unzip RTL8188C_8192C_USB_linux_v4.0.2_9000.20130911.zip
cd RTL8188C_8192C_USB_linux_v4.0.2_9000.20130911
cd wpa_supplicant_hostapd
tar -zxf wpa_supplicant_hostapd-0.8_rtw_r7475.20130812.tar.gz
cd wpa_supplicant_hostapd-0.8_rtw_r7475.20130812
cd hostapd

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您可以（必须？）使用此文件并将其另存为.config

# Example hostapd build time configuration
#
# This file lists the configuration options that are used when building the
# hostapd binary. All lines starting with # are ignored. Configuration option
# lines must be commented out complete, if they are not to be included, i.e.,
# just setting VARIABLE=n is not disabling that variable.
#
# This file is included in Makefile, so variables like CFLAGS and LIBS can also
# be modified from here. In most cass, these lines should use += in order not
# to override previous values of the variables.

# Driver interface for Host AP driver
#CONFIG_DRIVER_HOSTAP=y
CONFIG_DRIVER_RTW=y

# Driver interface for wired authenticator
#CONFIG_DRIVER_WIRED=y

# Driver interface for madwifi driver
#CONFIG_DRIVER_MADWIFI=y
#CFLAGS += -I../../madwifi # change to the madwifi source directory

# Driver interface for drivers using the nl80211 kernel interface
#CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211=y

# Driver interface for FreeBSD net80211 layer (e.g., Atheros driver)
#CONFIG_DRIVER_BSD=y
#CONFIG_SUPPORT_RTW_DRIVER=y
#CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
#LIBS += -L/usr/local/lib
#LIBS_p += -L/usr/local/lib
#LIBS_c += -L/usr/local/lib

# Driver interface for no driver (e.g., RADIUS server only)
#CONFIG_DRIVER_NONE=y

# IEEE 802.11F/IAPP
#CONFIG_IAPP=y

# WPA2/IEEE 802.11i RSN pre-authentication
CONFIG_RSN_PREAUTH=y

# PeerKey handshake for Station to Station Link (IEEE 802.11e DLS)
CONFIG_PEERKEY=y

# IEEE 802.11w (management frame protection)
# This version is an experimental implementation based on IEEE 802.11w/D1.0
# draft and is subject to change since the standard has not yet been finalized.
# Driver support is also needed for IEEE 802.11w.
#CONFIG_IEEE80211W=y

# Integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP=y

# EAP-MD5 for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_MD5=y

# EAP-TLS for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_TLS=y

# EAP-MSCHAPv2 for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_MSCHAPV2=y

# EAP-PEAP for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_PEAP=y

# EAP-GTC for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_GTC=y

# EAP-TTLS for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_TTLS=y

# EAP-SIM for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_SIM=y

# EAP-AKA for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_AKA=y

# EAP-AKA' for the integrated EAP server
# This requires CONFIG_EAP_AKA to be enabled, too.
#CONFIG_EAP_AKA_PRIME=y

# EAP-PAX for the integrated EAP server
#CONFIG_EAP_PAX=y

# EAP-PSK for the integrated EAP server (this is _not_ needed for WPA-PSK)
CONFIG_EAP_PSK=y

# EAP-SAKE for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_SAKE=y

# EAP-GPSK for the integrated EAP server
CONFIG_EAP_GPSK=y
# Include support for optional SHA256 cipher suite in EAP-GPSK
CONFIG_EAP_GPSK_SHA256=y

# EAP-FAST for the integrated EAP server
# Note: Default OpenSSL package does not include support for all the
# functionality needed for EAP-FAST. If EAP-FAST is enabled with OpenSSL,
# the OpenSSL library must be patched (openssl-0.9.9-session-ticket.patch)
# to add the needed functions.
#CONFIG_EAP_FAST=y

# Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS)
CONFIG_WPS=y
# Enable WSC 2.0 support
#CONFIG_WPS2=y
# Enable UPnP support for external WPS Registrars
#CONFIG_WPS_UPNP=y

CONFIG_TLS=internal
CONFIG_INTERNAL_LIBTOMMATH=y

# EAP-IKEv2
#CONFIG_EAP_IKEV2=y

# Trusted Network Connect (EAP-TNC)
#CONFIG_EAP_TNC=y

# PKCS#12 (PFX) support (used to read private key and certificate file from
# a file that usually has extension .p12 or .pfx)
#CONFIG_PKCS12=y

# RADIUS authentication server. This provides access to the integrated EAP
# server from external hosts using RADIUS.
CONFIG_RADIUS_SERVER=y

# Build IPv6 support for RADIUS operations
CONFIG_IPV6=y

# IEEE Std 802.11r-2008 (Fast BSS Transition)
CONFIG_IEEE80211R=y

# Use the hostapd's IEEE 802.11 authentication (ACL), but without
# the IEEE 802.11 Management capability (e.g., madwifi or FreeBSD/net80211)
#CONFIG_DRIVER_RADIUS_ACL=y

# IEEE 802.11n (High Throughput) support
CONFIG_IEEE80211N=y

# Remove debugging code that is printing out debug messages to stdout.
# This can be used to reduce the size of the hostapd considerably if debugging
# code is not needed.
#CONFIG_NO_STDOUT_DEBUG=y

# Add support for writing debug log to a file: -f /tmp/hostapd.log
# Disabled by default.
#CONFIG_DEBUG_FILE=y

# Remove support for RADIUS accounting
#CONFIG_NO_ACCOUNTING=y

# Remove support for RADIUS
#CONFIG_NO_RADIUS=y

# Remove support for VLANs
#CONFIG_NO_VLAN=y

# Enable support for fully dynamic VLANs. This enables hostapd to
# automatically create bridge and VLAN interfaces if necessary.
#CONFIG_FULL_DYNAMIC_VLAN=y

# Remove support for dumping state into a file on SIGUSR1 signal
# This can be used to reduce binary size at the cost of disabling a debugging
# option.
#CONFIG_NO_DUMP_STATE=y

# Enable tracing code for developer debugging
# This tracks use of memory allocations and other registrations and reports
# incorrect use with a backtrace of call (or allocation) location.
#CONFIG_WPA_TRACE=y
# For BSD, comment out these.
#LIBS += -lexecinfo
#LIBS_p += -lexecinfo
#LIBS_c += -lexecinfo

# Use libbfd to get more details for developer debugging
# This enables use of libbfd to get more detailed symbols for the backtraces
# generated by CONFIG_WPA_TRACE=y.
#CONFIG_WPA_TRACE_BFD=y
# For BSD, comment out these.
#LIBS += -lbfd -liberty -lz
#LIBS_p += -lbfd -liberty -lz
#LIBS_c += -lbfd -liberty -lz

# hostapd depends on strong random number generation being available from the
# operating system. os_get_random() function is used to fetch random data when
# needed, e.g., for key generation. On Linux and BSD systems, this works by
# reading /dev/urandom. It should be noted that the OS entropy pool needs to be
# properly initialized before hostapd is started. This is important especially
# on embedded devices that do not have a hardware random number generator and
# may by default start up with minimal entropy available for random number
# generation.
#
# As a safety net, hostapd is by default trying to internally collect
# additional entropy for generating random data to mix in with the data
# fetched from the OS. This by itself is not considered to be very strong, but
# it may help in cases where the system pool is not initialized properly.
# However, it is very strongly recommended that the system pool is initialized
# with enough entropy either by using hardware assisted random number
# generatior or by storing state over device reboots.
#
# If the os_get_random() is known to provide strong ramdom data (e.g., on
# Linux/BSD, the board in question is known to have reliable source of random
# data from /dev/urandom), the internal hostapd random pool can be disabled.
# This will save some in binary size and CPU use. However, this should only be
# considered for builds that are known to be used on devices that meet the
# requirements described above.
#CONFIG_NO_RANDOM_POOL=y

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然后

make
sudo make install

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可以使用create_ap一个小帮助脚本来设置 wifi AP。如果需要（使用 NAT 时），它会负责设置 hostapd、iptables。它是旧的 ap-hostspot 的替代品。
```
cd /tmp
git clone git@github.com:oblique/create_ap.git
sudo cp create_ap/create_ap /usr/local/bin/create_ap
sudo apt-get install dnsmasq-base iptables # if you don't have them already
```
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然后您可以使用以下命令创建热点create_ap
```
sudo create_ap -w 2 -c 6 --driver rtl871xdrv wlan1 wlan0 MyHotspot mysecretpassword
```
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您必须使用默认方法 (NAT)，因为您无法桥接 2 个 wifi 接口。

假设USB加密狗为wlan1，内置卡为wlan0。使用与 wlan0 使用的通道不同的通道（至少有 +/-3 通道间隙）。

完毕！您应该设置 AP，并且客户端应该通过内置 wifi 卡访问网络。

来自多个来源，但主要使用hostapd-8192cu AUR 包中的脚本

卸载

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/hostapd /usr/local/bin/hostapd_cli /usr/local/bin/create_ap

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Answer 2

小智 2

我完全可以通过网络管理器创建一个新的“无线（共享）”连接（默认为 Ad-Hoc 模式）来完成此操作。如果您尝试将笔记本电脑用作其他设备的中继器，这可能就足够了。

不要忘记将您的 WiFi 安全设置为“WPA/WPA2 个人”并设置安全密钥。

您可能会在括号中看到两个不同版本的连接以及各自的适配器，在我的例子中，wlan0 是内部适配器，wlan1 是 USB 加密狗。

编辑：还有另一个问题，关于如何安装驱动程序有很好的答案。显然，驱动程序有两个不同的端口（https://github.com/dz0ny/rt8192cu和https://github.com/pvaret/rtl8192cu-fixes），两者均已于本月更新。
如果其中一个不适合您，请删除内核模块并尝试另一个。

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