尝试运行 pip install ipython 时权限被拒绝

Question

当我使用

pip install ipython

或者

pip install "ipython[notebook]"

我收到以下错误：

Downloading/unpacking ipython
  Downloading ipython-2.3.1-py27-none-any.whl (2.8MB): 2.8MB downloaded
Installing collected packages: ipython
Cleaning up...
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 283, in run
    requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1435, in install
    requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 671, in install
    self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 901, in move_wheel_files
    pycompile=self.pycompile,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 206, in move_wheel_files
    clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 193, in clobber
    os.makedirs(destsubdir)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython'

Storing debug log for failure in /home/username/.pip/pip.log

这个错误是什么意思？我如何解决它？

Answer 1

您可以同时安装来自默认 Ubuntu 存储库的默认 IPython 版本和 IPython 2.3.1。

1. 使用以下命令从默认的 Ubuntu 存储库安装 IPython：

    sudo apt-get install ipython ipython3 # ipython is available in 18.04 and earlier
   

2. 在虚拟环境中安装 IPython 2.3.1。virtualenv允许您创建一个沙盒和隔离的环境，在该环境中可以安装 Python 包，而不会干扰同一台机器上的其他包。安装 Python 虚拟环境创建器（virtualenv）：

    sudo apt-get install python-virtualenv virtualenv 
   

   为 Python 设置一个虚拟环境（有关 virtualenv 基本用法的信息），从终端激活您的 Python 虚拟环境，然后使用pip install.

    pip install --user ipython 
   

这适用于我的 Ubuntu 14.04，使用来自默认 Ubuntu 存储库的 IPython 和安装在 Python 虚拟环境 ( virtualenv ) 中的IPython 2.3.0 。