您可以轻松地在外部硬盘驱动器上备份您的主文件夹
rsync -a --exclude=.cache --progress /home/$USER /media/linuxbackup/home/$USER
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我排除了 .cache 文件夹,因为我认为当我必须从这个备份重新安装时我永远不需要它。
我在这里找到了可以在普通备份中排除的所有文件夹的列表:
可以从主目录的备份中排除哪些文件和目录?
我创建了此答案的列表,其中包含以下形式的一些评论:
#These directories may be excluded:
.gvfs # contains mounted file systems?
.local/share/gvfs-metadata
.Private # contains the actual encrypted home directory
.dbus # session-specific
.cache
.Trash # do I need to say more?
.local/share/Trash
.cddb # cached info about audio CDs
.aptitude # cached packages lists
#Flash-specific:
.adobe # Cache for flash, maybe others?
.macromedia # except for Flash persistence, there is no reason to keep this
#Files:
.xsession-errors # contains errors from the current graphical session
.recently-used # recently used files
.recently-used.xbel
.thumbnails
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如何将此列表添加到我的 rsync 命令中?
rub*_*o77 55
排除列表可能只包含文件名、文件夹名和以#. 文件夹名称后面不允许有注释。我创建了一个 Git 存储库,其中包含所有多余的已知文件和文件夹:
将此忽略列表下载到 /var/tmp/ignorelist
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rubo77/rsync-homedir-excludes/master/rsync-homedir-excludes.txt -O /var/tmp/ignorelist
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然后启动rsync
rsync -aP --exclude-from=/var/tmp/ignorelist /home/$USER/ /media/$USER/linuxbackup/home/
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注意:
在忽略列表的开头有一个注释部分,其中包含文件夹,可能也不值得备份。取消注释那些,你不需要。
从man rsync:
--exclude-from=FILE read exclude patterns from FILE\n This option is related to the --exclude option, but it specifies\n a FILE that contains exclude patterns (one per line). Blank\n lines in the file and lines starting with \xe2\x80\x99;\xe2\x80\x99 or \xe2\x80\x99#\xe2\x80\x99 are\n ignored. If FILE is -, the list will be read from standard\n input.\nRun Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)\n
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