“/usr/bin/ld: 找不到 -lcudart”

Question

我是 Ubuntu 的新手并使用 Ubuntu 14.04 64 位。我想make一个项目，用途cuda和opencv运行时，我得到了以下错误cmake . && make

Linking CXX executable ground_estimation
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lcudart
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [ground_estimation] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/ground_estimation.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2

这是输出 ld -lcudart --verbose

attempt to open /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib64/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open /usr/x86_64-linux-gnu/lib64/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //usr/local/lib64/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //usr/local/lib64/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //lib64/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //lib64/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //usr/lib64/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //usr/lib64/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //usr/local/lib/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //usr/local/lib/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //lib/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //lib/libcudart.a failed
attempt to open //usr/lib/libcudart.so failed
attempt to open //usr/lib/libcudart.a failed

libcudart存在于/usr/local/cuda/lib64，我还添加到库路径：

echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/usr/lib/nvidia-current:/usr/local/cuda/lib64:/usr/local/cuda/lib:

这是输出ls /usr/local/cuda/lib64：

libcublas_device.a   libcufftw.so.6.0.37    libnppi.so.6.0
libcublas.so         libcuinj64.so          libnppi.so.6.0.37
libcublas.so.6.0     libcuinj64.so.6.0      libnpps.so
libcublas.so.6.0.37  libcuinj64.so.6.0.37   libnpps.so.6.0
libcudadevrt.a       libcurand.so           libnpps.so.6.0.37
libcudart.so         libcurand.so.6.0       libnvblas.so
libcudart.so.6.0     libcurand.so.6.0.37    libnvblas.so.6.0
libcudart.so.6.0.37  libcusparse.so         libnvblas.so.6.0.37
libcudart_static.a   libcusparse.so.6.0     libnvToolsExt.so
libcufft.so          libcusparse.so.6.0.37  libnvToolsExt.so.1
libcufft.so.6.0      libnppc.so             libnvToolsExt.so.1.0.0
libcufft.so.6.0.37   libnppc.so.6.0         libOpenCL.so
libcufftw.so         libnppc.so.6.0.37      libOpenCL.so.1
libcufftw.so.6.0     libnppi.so

我应该ld在/usr/local/cuda/lib64要查找的路径中进行libcudart什么搜索？

Answer 1

建立一个指向搜索libcuda位置的符号链接ld。

sudo ln -s /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudart.so /usr/lib/libcudart.so

Answer 2

LD_LIBRARY_PATH用于ldconfig在执行时在查找库时修改和相关工具的行为。

该ld连接器工具不使用这个变量。如果要使用位于非标准目录中的库，则必须使用-L命令的参数，如下所示：

ld -lcuda -L/usr/local/cuda/lib64

如果您已经下载并存在项目并且不知道如何在不破坏整个编译的情况下修改现有的 Makefile，则可以通过以下方式运行make：

export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/cuda/lib64
make

变量 LDFLAGS（也可以在 Makefile 中定义）用于ld在编译指令启动时将特定参数传递给链接器 ( )。