我的 Ubuntu 在每次启动时都运行 fsck

Question

每次开机都是一样的：

/dev/sda1: clean, 908443/38690816 files, 44176803/154733312 blocks

这是 Ubuntu 用来确保文件系统一致性的某种选项还是我的硬盘有问题？fsck启动时最多需要 30 秒，否则所需时间将增加三倍。

完整输出（部分为德语）：

Begin: Loading essential drivers ... done.
Begin: Running /scripts/init-premount ... done.
Begin: Mounting root file system ... Begin: Running /scripts/local-top ... done.
Begin: Running /scripts/local-premount ... done.
Begin: Running /scripts/local-bottom ... done.
done.
Begin: Running /scripts/init-bottom ... done.
fsck von util-linux 2.20.1
/dev/sda1: sauber, 908443/38690816 Dateien, 44176803/154733312 Blöcke
udevd[623]: unknown key 'SYSFS{idVendor}' in /lib/udev/rules.d/45-libticables.rules:6

udevd[623]: invalid rule '/lib/udev/rules.d/45-libticables.rules:6'

 * Starting mDNS/DNS-SD daemon                                                 [ OK ]
 * Starting Reload cups, upon starting avahi-daemon to make sure remote queues are populated                                                                   [ OK ]
 * Starting configure network device security                                  [ OK ]
 * Starting bluetooth daemon                                                   [ OK ]
 ####* Starting all other stuff

Answer 1

/dev/sda1: clean, 908443/38690816 Files, 44176803/154733312 Blocks

The line producing that message is this:

/* Print the summary message when we're skipping a full check */
log_out(ctx, _("%s: clean, %u/%u files, %llu/%llu blocks"),

It skips the "full check" but just made sure that some fast test to the journal are clean and there isn't orphan inodes:

cat /var/log/boot.log 
fsck from util-linux 2.20.1
fsck from util-linux 2.20.1
/dev/sda1: clean, 260598/771552 files, 1684682/3080192 blocks
/dev/sdb10: recovering journal
/dev/sdb10: Clearing orphaned inode 142568 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100664, size=32768)
/dev/sdb10: Clearing orphaned inode 138527 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=9580)
/dev/sdb10: clean, 54957/991232 files, 3498365/3958006 blocks

This is normal and expected. If it was a real thorough check it would take much more time but it usually takes a second or less. Systemd systemd-fsck(8) manual page has the conditions where a full check is triggered:

systemd-fsck-root.service is responsible for file system checks on the root file system, but only if the root filesystem was not checked in the initramfs. systemd-fsck@.service is used for all other file systems and for the root file system in the initramfs.

These services are started at boot if passno in /etc/fstab for the file system is set to a value greater than zero. The file system check for root is performed before the other file systems. Other file systems may be checked in parallel, except when they are on the same rotating disk.

systemd-fsck 不知道有关特定文件系统的任何详细信息，只是执行特定于每个文件系统类型 (/sbin/fsck.*) 的文件系统检查程序。这个助手将根据自上次检查以来的时间、挂载次数、不干净的卸载等决定是否实际检查文件系统。

您可以简单地检查测试是否几乎不需要运行（如果您使用 systemd）：

sudo systemd-analyze blame | grep fsck
          1.608s systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-408535fe\x2d28e6\x2d4d82\x2dbb59\x2d9810ead089a3.service
            87ms systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-vlhome\x2dlvhome.service