Ubuntu 仅在终端上启动，如何恢复 GUI 桌面？

Question

我的 Ubuntu 桌面在哪里？它的启动和运行总是默认为终端屏幕，如果我在终端中按Ctrl+ Alt+F7仍然在终端中Ctrl+ Alt+F1仍然在终端中。

没有GUI，如何恢复？

编辑：

sun@e700gent:/etc/X11$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
[sudo] password for sun: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libcdio-paranoia1 packagekit-backend-aptcc gdebi-core libxrandr-ltsq2 linux-headers-3.5.0-23-generic linux-headers-3.5.0-23 libcdio-cdda1 libllvm3.1
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 209 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/4,016 B of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
(Reading database ... 230006 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace ubuntu-desktop 1.267.1 (using .../ubuntu-desktop_1.267.1_amd64.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement ubuntu-desktop ...
Setting up ubuntu-desktop (1.267.1) ...

sun@e700gent:~$ unity --reset
WARNING: no DISPLAY variable set, setting it to :0

(process:2541): GConf-WARNING **: Client failed to connect to the D-BUS daemon:
//bin/dbus-launch terminated abnormally with the following error: Autolaunch error: X11 initialization failed.

WARNING: environment is incorrect: No D-BUS daemon running

Did you just try to reset in a tty?
unity-panel-service: no process found
compiz (core) - Fatal: Couldn't open display :0




sun@e700gent:~$ sudo startx
[sudo] password for sun: 


X.Org X Server 1.11.3
Release Date: 2011-12-16
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.42-37-generic x86_64 Ubuntu
Current Operating System: Linux e700gent 3.5.0-36-generic #57~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 20 18:21:09 UTC 2013 x86_64
Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-36-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=68af0547-17ed-4a85-8369-244d57223f91 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7
Build Date: 11 April 2013  01:05:39PM
xorg-server 2:1.11.4-0ubuntu10.13 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support) 
Current version of pixman: 0.24.4
    Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
    to make sure that you have the latest version.
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
    (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
    (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
(==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Tue Jul 16 17:37:57 2013
(==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"

Fatal server error:
no screens found

Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support 
     at http://wiki.x.org
 for help. 
Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.

 ddxSigGiveUp: Closing log
Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.

编辑：

似乎解决这个问题就像火箭科学，它没有固定。我最终没有浪费时间调试它，而是重新安装了 ubuntu。

Answer 1

尝试这个。只需按键盘上的Ctrl+ Alt+T即可打开终端。当它打开时，运行以下命令：

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop

Answer 2

请按照以下说明操作：

1. sudo dpkg --configure -a
2. sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
3. 重新启动计算机并转到桌面

Answer 3

当我在我的机器上遇到这个问题时，我只需删除 /etc/X11/xorg.conf 并重新启动系统。但是 - 我总是做备份！:)

Answer 4

你以前有什么显示管理器？进入保护模式为根与Ctrl+ Alt+F1然后尝试重新安装以下软件包：

apt-get install --reinstall xorg-xserver*
apt-get install --reinstall gdm
apt-get install --reinstall unity

如果您的显示管理器与 gdm 不同，请键入kdm或lightdm。

我曾经也有过 - 关于 nvidia 驱动程序......