/boot 已满时如何删除旧内核/安装新内核？

Question

我知道这个问题以前被问过很多次，但是我想这有点不同。

# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3       224G  5.2G  208G   3% /
udev            1.9G  4.0K  1.9G   1% /dev
tmpfs           777M  260K  777M   1% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none            1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda2        90M   88M     0 100% /boot
/dev/sda6       1.9G  514M  1.3G  29% /tmp

我的启动分区已满。

当前内核：

# uname -r
3.2.0-35-generic

所有内核：

# dpkg --list | grep linux-image
ii  linux-image-3.2.0-32-generic    3.2.0-32.51                         Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-3.2.0-34-generic    3.2.0-34.53                         Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-3.2.0-35-generic    3.2.0-35.55                         Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF  linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic    3.2.0-37.58                         Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF  linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic    3.2.0-38.60                         Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU  linux-image-generic             3.2.0.37.45                         Generic Linux kernel image

所以我想删除 3.2.0.32 通用内核：

# sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-32-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45) but 3.2.0.38.46 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

没有成功。

当我尝试apt-get -f install它也失败了：

# apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-3.2.0-34 linux-headers-3.2.0-35 linux-headers-3.2.0-34-generic linux-headers-3.2.0-35-generic
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
  linux-generic linux-image-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
  linux-generic linux-image-generic
2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 9 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/4,334 B of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.99ubuntu13.1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic (3.2.0-37.58) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-37-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-37-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic

gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic.postinst line 1010.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic (3.2.0-38.60) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-38-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-38-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic

gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic.postinst line 1010.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic:
 linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic; however:
  Package linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
 linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however:
  Package linux-image-generic is not configured yet.
 linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however:
  Version of linux-headers-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46.
dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ...
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
  update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-35-generic

gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-35-generic with 1.
dpkg: error processing initramfs-tools (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic
 linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic
 linux-image-generic
 linux-generic
 initramfs-tools
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

任何帮助将不胜感激。

更新：我做到了：

sudo rm /boot/*-3.2.0-32-generic /boot/*-3.2.0-34-generic

之后出现以下问题apt-get -f install：

root@localhost:/# apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  linux-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
  linux-generic
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 9 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/1,722 B of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
 linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however:
  Version of linux-image-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46.
 linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however:
  Version of linux-headers-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46.
dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error     from a previous failure.
                      Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Answer 1

当您的内核已过时，您将无法使用 apt-get。

cd /boot
sudo rm *-2.6.35-6.9-generic
sudo rm *-3.16.0-23-generic

用于ls查看文件夹中的内容，然后删除最旧的一两个

sudo apt-get -f install

然后你 cen 或者 apt-get purge 作为

sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-32-generic linux-image-3.2.0-34-generic

或者只是继续 rm。

你也应该sudo update-grub当你finsihed

Answer 2

显然，这有效：

sudo apt-get autoremove 

根据apt-get手册页：

autoremove 用于删除自动安装以满足其他包的依赖关系并且现在不再需要的包。

3.16.0-39 是我尝试安装的那个，但由于 /boot 已满而失败。3.16.0-38 是我当前的版本。你可以看到 -38 被跳过了。

server:~$ uname -r
3.16.0-38-generic
server:~$ sudo apt-get autoremove 
[sudo] password for mikeb: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  linux-headers-3.16.0-30 linux-headers-3.16.0-30-generic
  linux-headers-3.16.0-31 linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic
  linux-headers-3.16.0-33 linux-headers-3.16.0-33-generic
  linux-headers-3.16.0-34 linux-headers-3.16.0-34-generic
  linux-headers-3.16.0-36 linux-headers-3.16.0-36-generic
  linux-headers-3.16.0-39 linux-headers-3.16.0-39-generic
  linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic
  linux-image-3.16.0-33-generic linux-image-3.16.0-34-generic
  linux-image-3.16.0-36-generic linux-image-3.16.0-39-generic
  linux-image-extra-3.16.0-30-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic
  linux-image-extra-3.16.0-33-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-34-generic
  linux-image-extra-3.16.0-36-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-39-generic
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 24 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

Answer 3

在终端中，执行以下命令：

dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get purge

此命令列出所有当前安装的 Linux 内核，然后选择所有当前未使用的内核并将其删除。

Answer 4

对于 Ubuntu 12.04 试试这个 sudo apt-get purge linux-image-[kernel version]

这将删除任何内核版本。如果您的启动文件夹有很多内核，请不要忘记更新 grub 并重新启动系统

前任。sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.11.6*

Answer 5

我希望这可以帮助：

我通常使用 ubuntu-tweak janitor 删除旧内核，GUI 漂亮且简单:)

单击“系统”，将出现旧内核列表，只需单击它并清理