有什么比奶酪更适合视频拍摄的吗？
HDa*_*ave 67 video webcam cheese video-recording
我需要从我的网络摄像头录制一些视频，而 Cheese 工作时，它缺少设置，并且只输出充满口吃等的 webm 格式。
似乎找不到任何替代品......
小智 70
Guvcview旨在提供一个简单的 GTK 接口，用于从 Linux UVC 驱动程序支持的设备捕获和查看视频，尽管它也应该适用于任何 v4l2 兼容设备。
该项目基于 luvcview 进行视频渲染，但所有控件均使用 GTK2 接口构建。
Guvcview（从 0.9.9 版开始）有一个仅控制窗口，（来自控制台：guvcview --control_only，--control_panel在较新版本中），这允许在其他应用程序上进行图像控制，例如 ekiga、cheese、mplayer、skype...
声音的。
Guvcview 音频支持基于 portaudio 库，直到 0.9.3 版本使用阻塞 API 进行音频捕获，从 0.9.4 版本开始使用回调方法，这提供了更好的性能，这也是首选方法端口音频 API。
portaudio 支持的所有接口（ALSA、OSD、JACK 等）都应该在 guvcview 中可用。只要确保 portaudio 是在启用所需接口的情况下编译的。
UVC 动态控制。
Linux UVC 驱动程序具有扩展控件的实现（这些是供应商特定的控件并在 UVC 规范中受支持），它们被称为动态控件，因为它们必须动态加载到驱动程序中。
直到今天，只有罗技为其 UVC 网络摄像头扩展控件提供了规范，guvcview 支持这些规范。
在新的驱动程序修订版中，需要管理员权限才能将这些控件添加到驱动程序中，因此基本上有两种解决方案：
sudo每个会话至少以 root 用户身份启动 guvcview（使用），从 1.2.0 版开始，您可以使用--add_ctrls避免完全启动 guvcview的选项来执行此操作安装 libwebcam 这个软件有一个 udev 脚本，它应该为你的罗技相机添加必要的控件。
通过 ppa 将 Guvcview 安装到 Ubuntu 12.04
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pj-assis/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install guvcview
- 对于所有出色的 guvcview 外观，它目前已被 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/guvcview/+bug/1558060（冻结视频）破坏（至少在 16.04 中）。相反，我正在使用来自 http://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/view/3498/record-audio-and-video-from-webcam-using-mencoder（调整宽度和高度）的 mencoder 行并且它有效完美无缺。 (2认同)
Gep*_*nzo 12
这个问题的一部分来自这个问题的答案：从 VHS 磁带记录。
我们需要确保软件从正确的设备收集正确的数据。让我们在终端中放置一个查询，让我们看看有多少设备连接到您的计算机，可用于收集图像，在终端中使用此命令：
ls -l /dev/video*
结果应该是这样的：
geppettvs@DYLAN:~$ ls -l /dev/video*
crw-rw----+ 1 root video 81, 0 2012-04-17 19:53 /dev/video0
crw-rw----+ 1 root video 81, 1 2012-04-17 19:53 /dev/video1
crw-rw----+ 1 root video 81, 2 2012-04-18 17:54 /dev/video2
geppettvs@DYLAN:~$
就我而言，我有 3 个视频设备，其中之一是 USB 电视调谐器，我用于观看/录制直播电视节目/VTR/VCR/RF-DVD/视频转换器和其他射频信号。
其他设备是连接到计算机 USB 插槽的 USB 网络摄像头。
如果您的网络摄像头带有麦克风，则可以使用Andreas Schalk的tvcap-script录制音频和视频，为了您的方便，我将其代码放在这里：
#!/bin/bash
#
# tvcap-script by Andreas Schalk, easycap.blogspot.com (Dec. 2011)
# This script is based an a template TV-script from Jose Catre-Vandis (Jan 2006).
# The ascii artwork is based on a template i found here: http://www.retrojunkie.com/asciiart/electron/tv.txt
# Contact: easycapdc60-blogspot@yahoo.de
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# FUNCTION: This script provides Zenity menues for viewing an capturing video with a tv-card on Linux.
#
# Supported programs: MPlayer, MEncoder, VLC, Tvtime, Cheese und Sox
#
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Basic options:
#
# Change the following parameters for viewing/ capturing according to your needs
#
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERBOSE=1 # if '0', this script does not show messages window and does not ask for norm and input number anymore
NORM="PAL" # preselect tv norm 'PAL' or 'NTSC'
INPUT_NR=0 # preselect input number of your easycap where video source is plugged in
input_width=720 # preselect width an height of video source (mplayer, vlc, mencoder)
input_height=576 # other possible combinations: 640/480; 320/240
ASPECT=169 # '169' (16:9) or '43' (4:3); this value affects video playback with mplayer or vlc only!
FREQ="48000" # on soundproblems reduce audio frequency (44100 oder 32000 oder 8000)
TV_INPUT="no" # if 'yes' the analogue antenna input of the tv-card will be used (mplayer only)
CHAN="chanlist=europe-west:channel=60" # channel setting (nur mplayer/ mencoder) the analogue antenna input of the tv-card is used
NORM="PAL" # preselect TV-norm 'PAL' oder 'NTSC'
INPUT_NR=1 # preselct the Input on the TV-card, where the videosource is plugged in ('0' normally is the antenna, '1' the first CVBS ...
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
MESSAGE=()
R_MESSAGE=()
EXITCODE=0
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# test videodevices
##-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
declare -a VIDEO_DEV
VIDEO_DEV=( TRUE none
FALSE none
FALSE none
FALSE none
)
i1=0;
i2=0;
while `test -e "/dev/video${i1}"`; do
VIDEO_DEV[$i2+1]="/dev/video${i1}";
i1=$[$i1+1];
i2=$[$i2+2];
done
if [ "xnone" = "x${VIDEO_DEV[1]}" ]; then
zenity --error --timeout=5 --text "Cannot find /dev/video0!\n Script ends in 5 seconds" --title "No videodevice!";
exit 1;
fi
if [ "x${VIDEO_DEV[$i2+1]}" = "xnone" ]; then
VIDEO_DEV[$i2]="" && VIDEO_DEV[$i2+1]="" && VIDEO_DEV[$i2+2]="" && VIDEO_DEV[$i2+3]="" && VIDEO_DEV[$i2+4]="" && VIDEO_DEV[$i2+5]="";
fi
DEV_VIDEO=$(zenity --list --text "Select videodevice" --radiolist --column "Choice" --column "Device" ${VIDEO_DEV[@]}) || exit 0
if [ ${VERBOSE} = 1 ]; then
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# select TV norm
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
title="Select tv norm"
NORM=`zenity --title="$title" --list --radiolist --column="Choice" \
--column="Norm" --column="Description" \
TRUE "PAL" "PAL Norm" \
FALSE "NTSC" "NTSC Norm" \
` || exit 0
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# select Input number
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
title="Select Input NR"
INPUT_NR=`zenity --title="$title" --list --radiolist --column="Choice" \
--column="Input NR" --column="Description" \
TRUE "0" "Input 1 (TV)" \
FALSE "1" "Input 2" \
FALSE "2" "Input 3" \
FALSE "3" "Input 4" \
FALSE "4" "Input 5" \
FALSE "5" "Input 6"
` || exit 0
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Check if snd_usb_audio module is loaded
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SND_USB=`lsmod | grep snd_usb_audio | wc -l`
if [ "${SND_USB}" -ge "1" ]; then
# MESSAGE=("${MESSAGE[@]}" "\nNOTE: snd_usb_audio module was loaded and may conflict with your USB capture device")
zenity --info --text "NOTE: The snd_usb_audio module was loaded\nand may conflict with your USB capture device.\n \nIf sound problems appear,\nplug out your USB capturedevice and run\n rmmod snd_usb_audio \nas root in the terminal!" --title "Snd_usb_audio module loaded!"
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# test and select soundcard
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if `test ! -e /dev/dsp` && [ -z "`ls -1 /proc/asound`" ]; then
if_audio="no";
echo "No soundcard detected";
MESSAGE=("${MESSAGE[@]}" "Note: No soundcard can be found!\nSound is not supported.\n");
else
if_audio="yes"
declare -a SOUND_DEV
SOUND_DEV=( FALSE /dev/dsp OSS
FALSE card1 ALSA
TRUE card2 ALSA
FALSE card3 ALSA
)
test ! -e /dev/dsp && echo "No dsp" && SOUND_DEV[0]="" && SOUND_DEV[1]="" && SOUND_DEV[2]=""
ALSA_CARD=$(cat /proc/asound/cards | cut -d":" -f1 -s)
declare -a ALSA_CARDS
ALSA_CARDS=(${ALSA_CARD})
i5=1
for P in ${ALSA_CARDS[@]}; do
ALSA_NAME=$(echo ${ALSA_CARDS[$i5]} | tr -d [=[=] );
SOUND_DEV[$i5+3]=$ALSA_NAME
if [ "x${ALSA_NAME}" = "x" ]; then
SOUND_DEV[$i5+2]="" && SOUND_DEV[$i5+3]="" && SOUND_DEV[$i5+4]=""
fi
i5=$[$i5+3];
done
fi
DEV_AUDIO=$(zenity --list --text "Select soundcard" --radiolist --column "Choice" --column "Device" --column "Type" ${SOUND_DEV[@]}) || exit 0
if [ $DEV_AUDIO = "/dev/dsp" ]; then
AUDIO_TYPE="oss"
else
AUDIO_TYPE="alsa"
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# test, if devicenodes are read- and writable for unprivileged users
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ -r ${DEV_VIDEO} ] && [ -w ${DEV_VIDEO} ]; then
MESSAGE=("${MESSAGE[@]}" "\nSUCCESS! ${DEV_VIDEO} is read- and writable!\n")
elif [ -e ${DEV_VIDEO} ]; then
zenity --info --text "Cannot access ${DEV_VIDEO}!\nRun 'sudo chmod a+rw ${DEV_VIDEO}'\nin the terminal!" --title "Message"
EXITCODE=1
fi
if [ -r ${DEV_AUDIO} ] && [ -w ${DEV_AUDIO} ]; then
MESSAGE=("${MESSAGE[@]}" "\nSUCCESS! ${DEV_AUDIO} is read- and writable!")
elif [ -e ${DEV_AUDIO} ]; then
zenity --info --text "\nCannot access ${DEV_AUDIO}!\nRun 'sudo chmod a+rw ${DEV_AUDIO}'\nin the terminal!" --title "Message"
MESSAGE=("${MESSAGE[@]}" "\n\nCannot access ${DEV_AUDIO}!\nRun 'sudo chmod a+rw ${DEV_AUDIO}'\nin the terminal!!")
if_audio="no"
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# find executable programs
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROG_LIST=( TRUE vlc #
FALSE mplayer #
FALSE cheese #
FALSE tvtime #
FALSE mencoder #
FALSE sox #
)
PROGS=(vlc mplayer cheese tvtime mencoder sox)
i4=0
for P in ${PROGS[@]}; do
PROG=`which $P`
if [ "x" = "x${PROG}" ] || [ ! -x ${PROG} ]; then
echo "Cannot find or execute $P. Is t installed?"
MESSAGE=("${MESSAGE[@]}" "\nCannot find or execute $P. Is it installed?")
PROG_LIST[$i4]=""
PROG_LIST[$i4+1]=""
if [ "${PROG_LIST[11]}" = "" ]; then
echo "Sox is needed for sound with tvtime!"
MESSAGE=("${MESSAGE[@]}" "\nSox is needed for sound with tvtime!")
fi
fi
i4=$i4+2
done
PROG_LIST[10]="" # Sox does not show up on list
PROG_LIST[11]="" #
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# messages are displayed and script ends
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ ${EXITCODE} = 1 ]; then
MESSAGE=("${MESSAGE[@]}" "\nScript ends")
fi
echo ${MESSAGE[*]}
#########################
if [ ${VERBOSE} = 1 ]; then
zenity --height="50" --info --text "${MESSAGE[*]}" --title "Messages"
fi
if [ ${EXITCODE} = 1 ]; then
exit 1
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# create logfile
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LOGFILE="./test`echo "${DEV_VIDEO}" | sed -e "s,/dev/,," - `.log"
# echo "Log file is: ${LOGFILE}"
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# zenity list - program choice
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
view_cap=$(zenity --list --width=250 --height=400 --text " ___________\n | .----------. o|\n | | Easy | o|\n | | CAP_ | o|\n |_\`-----------´ _|\n ´\` ´\`\\nTv-norm: $NORM Input-Nr:$INPUT_NR\nVideodevice: $DEV_VIDEO $input_width x $input_height \nAudiodevice: $AUDIO_TYPE $DEV_AUDIO $FREQ Hz\nIs audio on? $if_audio\nLogfile: $LOGFILE " --radiolist --column "Choice" --column "program" ${PROG_LIST[@]}) || exit 0
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# mplayer command
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "alsa" = "${AUDIO_TYPE}" ]; then
M_AUDIO="buffersize=16:alsa:amode=1:forcechan=2:audiorate=${FREQ}:adevice=plughw.${DEV_AUDIO}"
elif [ "oss" = "${AUDIO_TYPE}" ]; then
M_AUDIO="adevice=${DEV_AUDIO}"
fi
if [ "$NORM" = "PAL" ]; then
fps_count=25
else
fps_count=30
fi
if [ "$ASPECT" = 169 ]; then
M_ASPECT="-aspect 1.78"
# elif [ "$ASPECT" = 43 ]; then
# M_ASPECT="-aspect 1"
else
M_ASPECT=""
fi
if [ "yes" = "${TV_INPUT}" ]; then
M_VIDEO="${CHAN}"
elif [ "no" = "${TV_INPUT}" ]; then
M_VIDEO="norm=${NORM}:width=${input_width}:height=${input_height}:outfmt=uyvy:device=${DEV_VIDEO}:input=${INPUT_NR}:fps=${fps_count}"
fi
#echo $M_VIDEO
#echo $M_AUDIO
#echo $view_cap
if [ "mplayer" = "${view_cap}" ]; then
if [ "$if_audio" = "yes" ]; then
1>${LOGFILE} 2>&1 \
mplayer tv:// -tv driver=v4l2:${M_VIDEO}:${M_AUDIO}:forceaudio:immediatemode=0 -hardframedrop ${M_ASPECT} -ao sdl, ${AUDIO_TYPE} -msglevel all=9
elif [ "$if_audio" = "no" ]; then
1>${LOGFILE} 2>&1 \
mplayer tv:// -tv driver=v4l2:${M_VIDEO} -hardframedrop ${M_ASPECT} -msglevel all=9 -nosound
fi
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# vlc command
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "vlc" = "${view_cap}" ]; then
if [ "alsa" = "${AUDIO_TYPE}" ]; then
V_AUDIO="//plughw:${DEV_AUDIO}"
elif [ "oss" = "${AUDIO_TYPE}" ]; then
V_AUDIO="//${DEV_AUDIO}"
fi
if [ "$NORM" = "PAL" ]; then
V_NORM="pal"
elif [ "$NORM" = "NTSC" ]; then
V_NORM="ntsc"
fi
if [ "$ASPECT" = 169 ]; then
V_ASPECT="--aspect-ratio=16:9"
elif [ "$ASPECT" = 43 ]; then
V_ASPECT="--aspect-ratio=4:3"
else
V_ASPECT=""
fi
1>${LOGFILE} 2>&1 \
vlc -vvv v4l2://${DEV_VIDEO}:input=${INPUT_NR}:width=$input_width:height=$input_height:norm=${V_NORM} ${V_ASPECT} :input-slave=${AUDIO_TYPE}:${V_AUDIO} --demux rawvideo
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# tvtime command
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "tvtime" = "${view_cap}" ]; then
if [ "alsa" = "${AUDIO_TYPE}" ]; then
T_AUDIO="-t alsa plughw:${DEV_AUDIO} -s2 -c 2 -r ${FREQ} -s2 -t alsa default"
elif [ "oss" = "${AUDIO_TYPE}" ]; then
T_AUDIO="-t raw -s2 ${DEV_AUDIO} -c 2 -r ${FREQ} -s2 -t ossdsp /dev/dsp"
fi
echo $T_AUDIO
1>${LOGFILE} 2>&1 \
>./tvtime.err
(tvtime -d ${DEV_VIDEO} -i 0 -n "${NORM}" 1>/dev/null 2>>./tvtime.err) &
rc=1
while [ 0 -ne ${rc} ];
do
tvtime-command run_command "(sox -c 2 -r ${FREQ} ${T_AUDIO} 1>/dev/null 2>>./tvtime.err)" 1>/dev/null 2>>./tvtime.err
rc=$?
if [ 0 -eq ${rc} ]; then break; fi
sleep 0.5
done
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# cheese command
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "cheese" = "${view_cap}" ]; then
1>${LOGFILE} 2>&1 \
cheese
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# mencoder command - recording section
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "mencoder" = "${view_cap}" ]; then
#Auswahl des Seitenverhältnisses der Aufnahme?
title="Chose aspect of your target file!"
aspect_type=`zenity --width="400" --height="220" --title="$title" --list --radiolist --column="Click Here" \
--column="choice" --column="source >> target" \
TRUE "1" "4:3 > 4:3"\
FALSE "2" "4:3 > scale=16:9" \
FALSE "3" "4:3 > crop borders=16:9" \
` || exit 0
if [ "$aspect_type" = "1" ]; then
crop_scale="scale=640:480"
elif [ "$aspect_type" = "2" ]; then
crop_scale="scale=720:406"
elif [ "$aspect_type" = "3" ]; then
crop_scale="crop=720:406:0:72"
fi
#################################################################################
#Quality?
title="What quality do you want to record at ?"
qual_type=`zenity --width="380" --height="380" --title="$title" --list --radiolist --column="Click Here" \
--column="Record Time" --column="Description" \
FALSE "500" "Passable Quality"\
FALSE "900" "OK Quality"\
FALSE "1100" "VHS Quality"\
TRUE "1300" "SVHS Quality"\
FALSE "1500" "VCD Quality"\
FALSE "1800" "SVCD Quality" \
FALSE "2000" "Very Good Quality"\
FALSE "2500" "High Quality" \
FALSE "3000" "Excellent Quality"\
` || exit 0
##################################################################################
#How Long?
title="How long do you want to record for ?"
time_type=`zenity --width="380" --height="500" --title="$title" --list --radiolist --column="Click Here" \
--column="Record Time" --column="Description" \
FALSE "00:00:00" "unlimited"\
TRUE "00:00:30" "30 seconds for testing"\
FALSE "00:10:00" "0.2 hours"\
FALSE "00:30:00" "0.5 hours"\
FALSE "00:45:00" "0.75 hours"\
FALSE "01:00:00" "1 hour"\
FALSE "01:15:00" "1.25 hours"\
FALSE "01:30:00" "1.5 hours" \
FALSE "01:45:00" "1.75 hours"\
FALSE "02:00:00" "2 hours" \
FALSE "02:15:00" "2.25 hours"\
FALSE "02:30:00" "2.5 hours" \
FALSE "02:45:00" "2.75 hours"\
FALSE "03:00:00" "3 hours" \
FALSE "03:15:00" "3.25 hours" \
FALSE "03:30:00" "3.5 hours" \
` || exit 0
#M_TIME="-endpos $time_type"
#################################################################################
#user must enter a filename
filedate=$(date +%F_%H:%M-%S)
title="Please enter a filename for your recording, no spaces"
file_name=`zenity --width="480" --height="150" --title="$title" --file-selection --save --confirm-overwrite --filename="tvcap_$filedate"` || exit 0
###########################################################################################
# summary
R_MESSAGE=("${R_MESSAGE[@]}" "\nRecording options:")
R_MESSAGE=("${R_MESSAGE[@]}" "\nRecording audio: $if_audio")
R_MESSAGE=("${R_MESSAGE[@]}" "\nRecording from Input $INPUT_NR - Norm: $NORM $fps_count fps")
R_MESSAGE=("${R_MESSAGE[@]}" "\nCrop and scale options: $crop_scale")
R_MESSAGE=("${R_MESSAGE[@]}" "\nEncoding quality: $qual_type kb/s")
R_MESSAGE=("${R_MESSAGE[@]}" "\nRecording time:$time_type hours")
R_MESSAGE=("${R_MESSAGE[@]}" "\nFile name: $file_name.avi ")
echo ${R_MESSAGE[*]}
if [ ${VERBOSE} = 1 ]; then
zenity --info --text "${R_MESSAGE[*]}" --title "Recording options"
fi
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# mencoder line
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "$if_audio" = "yes" ]; then
zenity --info --title="Start recording with audio" --text="Press OK to start."
mencoder tv:// -tv driver=v4l2:norm=$NORM:width=$input_width:height=$input_height:outfmt=uyvy:device=${DEV_VIDEO}:input=${INPUT_NR}:fps=$fps_count:${M_AUDIO}:forceaudio:immediatemode=0 -msglevel all=9 -ovc lavc -ffourcc DX50 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:turbo:vbitrate=$qual_type:keyint=15 -vf pp=lb,$crop_scale -oac mp3lame -endpos $time_type -o $file_name.avi | tee ${LOGFILE} | zenity --progress --pulsate --auto-close --auto-kill --text="Processing Video - length: $time_type H:M:S"
zenity --info --title="Job complete" --text="The recording is now complete."
elif [ "$if_audio" = "no" ]; then
zenity --info --title="Start recording without audio" --text="Press ok to start recording"
1>${LOGFILE} 2>&1 \
mencoder tv:// -tv driver=v4l2:norm=$NORM:width=$input_width:height=$input_height:outfmt=uyvy:device=${DEV_VIDEO}:input=${INPUT_NR}:fps=$fps_count -msglevel all=9 -nosound -ovc lavc -ffourcc DX50 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=2:turbo:vbitrate=$qual_type:keyint=15 -vf pp=lb,$crop_scale -endpos $time_type -o $file_name.avi | tee ${LOGFILE} | zenity --progress --pulsate --auto-close --auto-kill --text="Processing Video - length: $time_type H:M:S"
zenity --info --title="Job complete" --text="The recording is now complete."
fi
fi
exit 1
只需将所有这些代码复制/粘贴到一个名为 tvcap-script.sh 的文件中，授予执行权限并在终端中运行它。这个过程很简单，我将解释如下：
1.-按 Enter 后，系统会要求您提供捕获源，并且取决于设备的位置（之前测试过），您可以拥有 - 就我而言 - 多个视频源，我为此使用 /dev/video2例如，它指的是我的 USB 电视调谐器。请注意，此屏幕截图没有获得窗口装饰器，但可以在此处看到选项和“确定”按钮。
2.-现在我们需要定义规范，在墨西