如何在 Ubuntu 上安装“colorls”？

Question

我想安装colorls。看起来很方便：

我尝试按照安装说明进行操作。然而，它们似乎不是为 Ubuntu 设计的。

首先，因为gem不存在，我不得不运行sudo apt install ruby-rubygems。

现在，当我尝试安装它时遇到此错误：

$ gem install colorls
Fetching colorls-1.4.6.gem
...
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
    You don't have write permissions for the /var/lib/gems/3.0.0 directory.

所以我尝试使用该--user-install标志：

$ gem install --user-install colorls
WARNING:  You don't have /home/flimm/.local/share/gem/ruby/3.0.0/bin in your PATH,
      gem executables will not run.
Successfully installed unicode-display_width-2.4.2
Successfully installed rainbow-3.1.1
Successfully installed manpages-0.6.1
Successfully installed filesize-0.2.0
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing colorls:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /home/flimm/.local/share/gem/ruby/3.0.0/gems/clocale-0.0.4/ext/clocale
/usr/bin/ruby3.0 -I /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby -r ./siteconf20230407-19626-voy41j.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /home/flimm/.local/share/gem/ruby/3.0.0/gems/clocale-0.0.4 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/flimm/.local/share/gem/ruby/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/3.0.0/clocale-0.0.4/gem_make.out

如何在 Ubuntu 上安装（和卸载）colorls？

Answer 1

1. 使用开发标头安装 Ruby Gem：

   sudo apt install ruby-rubygems ruby-dev
   

2. 下载并安装 Nerd 字体（需要正确显示漂亮的图标）。打开下载的存档文件，然后打开每个字体文件，然后单击“安装”按钮：

   

3. 将您的终端设置为使用该字体。（这一步可能不需要）

4. 安装colorls：

    $ gem install --user-install colorls
    WARNING:  You don't have /home/flimm/.local/share/gem/ruby/3.0.0/bin in your PATH,
          gem executables will not run.
    ...
   

5. 如果前面的命令警告您路径中没有正确的位置，请修改~/.bashrc（或您最喜欢的 shell 中的等效内容）以添加此行，这会修改您的 PATH：

    PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.local/share/gem/ruby/3.0.0/bin"
   

6. 要添加制表符补全，请将此行添加到~/.bashrc（或您最喜欢的 shell 中的等效行）：

    source $(dirname $(gem which colorls))/tab_complete.sh
   

7. 现在重新启动您的终端。您现在应该可以运行colorls，新字体生效。

要卸载 colorls，请运行gem uninstall colorls并删除 中添加的行~/.bashrc。您可能还想撤消依赖项的安装。