Ubuntu 22.04 + nvidia 驱动程序不工作

Question

我有一台联想 Z70-80，并将 Ubuntu 从 v20.04 升级到 v22.04。

升级时显示正在下载最新的nvidia-drivers-525，但无法安装。需要注意的是，我有

产品：GM108M [GeForce 840M] 供应商：NVIDIA Corporation

每当我尝试使用以下命令安装驱动程序时：

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-525 nvidia-dkms-525

它抛出以下错误：

user@Lenovo-Z70-80:~$ sudo apt install nvidia-driver-525 nvidia-dkms-525
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
nvidia-dkms-525 is already the newest version (525.60.11-0ubuntu0.22.04.1).
nvidia-driver-525 is already the newest version (525.60.11-0ubuntu0.22.04.1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Setting up nvidia-dkms-525 (525.60.11-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
INFO:Enable nvidia
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad
Removing old nvidia-525.60.11 DKMS files...
Deleting module nvidia-525.60.11 completely from the DKMS tree.
Loading new nvidia-525.60.11 DKMS files...
Building for 5.15.0-56-generic
Building for architecture x86_64
Building initial module for 5.15.0-56-generic
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/nvidia-kernel-source-525.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 5.15.0-56-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.60.11/build/make.log for more information.
dpkg: error processing package nvidia-dkms-525 (--configure):
 installed nvidia-dkms-525 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 10
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of nvidia-driver-525:
 nvidia-driver-525 depends on nvidia-dkms-525 (<= 525.60.11-1); however:
  Package nvidia-dkms-525 is not configured yet.
 nvidia-driver-525 depends on nvidia-dkms-525 (>= 525.60.11); however:
  Package nvidia-dkms-525 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package nvidia-driver-525 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                                          Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu13.1) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-56-generic
I: The initramfs will attempt to resume from /dev/sda9
I: (UUID=b839824a-2800-4868-b38c-064d54ed0eb9)
I: Set the RESUME variable to override this.
Errors were encountered while processing:
 nvidia-dkms-525
 nvidia-driver-525
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

命令nvidia-smi给出以下输出

NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.

谁能告诉我还可以做些什么来安装最新的驱动程序并使其正常工作？

谢谢。

Answer 1

就我而言，问题是 GCC 编译器版本错误。我是这样发现的：

1. 从https://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx?lang=en-us下载安装程序

2. 运行安装程序

3. 当安装程序失败时，它会在 /var/log/nvidia-installer.log 下创建日志。阅读日志发现错误：

   warning: the compiler differs from the one used to build the kernel
     The kernel was built by: x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 (Ubuntu 12.2.0-3ubuntu1) 12.2.0
     You are using:           cc (Ubuntu 10.4.0-5ubuntu2) 10.4.0
   
   Warning: Compiler version check failed:
   
   The major and minor number of the compiler used to
   compile the kernel:
   
   x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 (Ubuntu 12.2.0-3ubuntu1) 12.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.39
   
   does not match the compiler used here:
   
   cc (Ubuntu 10.4.0-5ubuntu2) 10.4.0
   Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
   warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
   
   
   It is recommended to set the CC environment variable
   to the compiler that was used to compile the kernel.
   

根据错误，在我的系统配置中将 GCC 版本更改回 12 并运行命令：

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-525

导致安装成功。

Answer 2

删除所有 nvidia 软件包...然后更新内核...

sudo update-initramfs -u

重启...

再次安装驱动：

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-525

（不要添加任何其他东西）

之后应该可以工作了...特别注意 initramfs 是否构建并完成。如果没有，您必须再次手动重建它，否则机器可能无法启动。